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Possible hybridisation between different species of bear
An ursid hybrid is an animal with parents from two different species or subspecies of the bear family (Ursidae). Species and subspecies of bear known to have produced offspring with another bear species or subspecies include American black bears, grizzly bears, and polar bears, all of which are members of the genus Ursus. Bears not included in Ursus, such as the giant panda, are expected to be unable to produce hybrids with other bears. The giant panda bear belongs to the genus Ailuropoda.
Note all of the confirmed hybrids listed here have been in captivity (except grizzly × polar bear), but suspected hybrids have been found in the wild.[citation needed]
A recent study found genetic evidence of multiple instances and species combinations where genetic material has passed the species boundary in bears (a process called introgression by geneticists).[1] Specifically, species with evidence of past intermingling were (1) brown bear and American black bear, (2) brown bear and polar bear,[2] (3) American black bear and Asian black bear. Overall, this study shows that evolution in the bear family (Ursidae) has not been strictly bifurcating, but instead showed complex evolutionary relationships.
All the Ursinae species (i.e., all bears except the giant panda and the spectacled bear) appear able to crossbreed.[citation needed]
^Kutschera, Verena E.; Bidon, Tobias; Hailer, Frank; Rodi, Julia L.; Fain, Steven R.; Janke, Axel (2014). "Bears in a forest of gene trees: Phylogenetic inference is complicated by incomplete lineage sorting and gene flow". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 31 (8): 2004–2017. doi:10.1093/molbev/msu186. PMC 4104321. PMID 24903145.
^Hailer, Frank; Kutschera, Verena E.; Hallström, Björn M.; Klassert, Denise; Fain, Steven R.; Leonard, Jennifer A.; Arnason, Ulfur; Janke, Axel (2012). "Nuclear genomic sequences reveal that Polar Bears are an old and distinct bear lineage". Science. 336 (6079): 344–347. Bibcode:2012Sci...336..344H. doi:10.1126/science.1216424. hdl:10261/58578. PMID 22517859. S2CID 12671275.
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