Universal basic services (UBS) is an idea[1] of a form of social security in which all citizens or residents of a community, region, or country receive unconditional access to a range of free, basic, public services, funded by taxes and provided by a government or public institution. The basic services commonly include:[2]
education
health care
social housing
essential food
buses and trains
basic internet
legal aid and representation
Further services, where there are low or zero marginal costs for adding further users are:
electricity and heating
basic water and sanitation
retail banking
public broadcast media
^Coote, Kasliwal & Percy 2019, p. 4.
^Moore, Portes et al (2016)
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