United States Marines with the captured flag of Augusto C. Sandino in 1932
Date
1912–1933
Location
Nicaragua
Result
United States military victory Liberal Party political victory
Change of regime in Nicaragua
Great Depression marks US withdrawal (1933)
Belligerents
United States Nicaragua
Liberal Party (1912–1927) EDSN (1927–1933)
Commanders and leaders
William Henry Hudson Southerland Smedley Butler
Benjamín Zeledón (1912) Luis Mena (1912) Augusto César Sandino (1927–1933)
Casualties and losses
First occupation (1912–1925): 7 killed (5 marines & 2 sailors) 16 marines wounded (all in 1912)[1] Second occupation (1926–1933): 136 marines killed (32 killed-in-action, 15 died of wounds, and 5 murdered by mutinous National Guardsmen)[2] 75 killed (Nicaraguan National Guardsmen)[2]
First occupation (1912–1925): unknown Second occupation (1926–1933): 1,115 killed (presumably Sandinistas. This number may have been inflated.)[3]
v
t
e
U.S. occupation of Nicaragua
1912
Granada
Masaya
Coyotepe Hill
1926–27
Nicaraguan Civil War
1927
La Paz Centro
Ocotal
San Fernando
Santa Clara
Telpaneca
Sapotillal
1st Las Cruces
1st Quilali
1928
2nd Las Cruces
2nd Quilali
El Bramadero
La Flor
1930
Achuapa
1932
Augua Carta
El Sauce
v
t
e
Banana Wars
Cuba
Spanish–American War
1st U.S. occupation
2nd U.S. occupation
Negro Rebellion
Sugar Intervention
Puerto Rico
Puerto Rican campaign
Honduras
First Honduran Civil War
Second Honduran Civil War
Nicaragua
Granada
Masaya
Coyotepe Hill
1926–1927 civil war
La Paz Centro
Ocotal
San Fernando
Santa Clara
Telpaneca
Sapotillal
1st Las Cruces
2nd Las Cruces
Quilali
El Bramadero
La Flor
Achuapa
Agua Carta
El Sauce
Mexico
Border War
Veracruz
Haiti
Fort Dipitie
Fort Rivière
1st Port-au-Prince
2nd Port-au-Prince
Dominican Republic
Santo Domingo
Las Trencheras
Guayacanas
San Francisco de Macoris
The United States occupation of Nicaragua from 1912 to 1933 was part of the Banana Wars, when the U.S. military invaded various Latin American countries from 1898 to 1934. The formal occupation began in 1912, even though there were various other assaults by the U.S. in Nicaragua throughout this period. American military interventions in Nicaragua were designed to stop any other nation except the United States of America from building a Nicaraguan Canal.
Nicaragua assumed a quasi-protectorate status under the 1916 Bryan–Chamorro Treaty. President Herbert Hoover (1929–1933) opposed the relationship. On January 2, 1933, Hoover ended the American intervention.[4]
^Boot, Max (May 27, 2003). The Savage Wars of Peace: Small Wars and the Rise of American Power. New York City: Basic Books. p. 148.
^ abMacaulay, Neill (February 1998). The Sandino Affair. Chicago: Quadrangle Books. p. 239.
^Macaulay, Neill (February 1998). The Sandino Affair. Chicago: Quadrangle Books. pp. 239–240.
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