Founder and first king of the Kingdom of Bosnia (r. 1377–91)
Tvrtko I
Seal of King Tvrtko I
Ban of Bosnia
Reign
September 1353 – October 1377 (interrupted by Vuk, 1365–1366)
Predecessor
Stephen II
King of Bosnia
Reign
October 1377 – 10 March 1391
Coronation
(26 October?) 1377
Successor
Dabiša
Born
c. 1338
Died
10 March 1391(1391-03-10) (aged 52–53)
Burial
Mile, Visoko
Spouse
Dorothea of Bulgaria
Issue
Tvrtko II of Bosnia
House
Kotromanić
Father
Vladislav of Bosnia
Mother
Jelena of Bribir
Religion
Roman Catholic
Stephen Tvrtko I (Serbo-Croatian: Stjepan/Stefan Tvrtko / Стјепан/Стефан Твртко; c. 1338 – 10 March 1391) was the first king of Bosnia. A member of the House of Kotromanić, he succeeded his uncle Stephen II as the ban of Bosnia in 1353. As he was a minor at the time, Tvrtko's father, Vladislav, briefly ruled as regent, followed by Tvrtko's mother, Jelena. Early in his personal rule, Tvrtko quarrelled with his country's Roman Catholic clergy but later enjoyed cordial relations with all the religious communities in his realm. After initial difficulties – the loss of large parts of Bosnia to his overlord, King Louis I of Hungary, and being briefly deposed by his magnates – Tvrtko's power grew considerably. He conquered some remnants of the neighbouring Serbian Empire in 1373, after the death of its last ruler and his distant relative, Uroš the Weak. In 1377, he had himself crowned king of Bosnia and Serbia, claiming to be the heir of Serbia's extinct Nemanjić dynasty.
As the Kingdom of Bosnia continued to expand, Tvrtko's attention shifted to the Adriatic coast. He gained control of the entire Pomorje and the major maritime cities of the area, established new settlements and started building a navy, but never succeeded in subjugating the lords of the independent Serbian territories. The death of King Louis and the accession of Queen Mary in 1382 allowed Tvrtko to take advantage of the ensuing succession crisis in Hungary and Croatia. After bitter fighting, from 1385 to 1390, Tvrtko succeeded in conquering large parts of Dalmatia, and Croatia proper. Following the Battle of Kosovo in 1389, his tenuous claim to Serbia became a mere fiction, as the Serbian rulers he sought to subdue became vassals of the victorious Ottoman Empire. The Ottoman Turks also launched their first attacks on Bosnia during Tvrtko's reign, but his army was able to repel them. Tvrtko's sudden death in 1391 prevented him from solidifying the Kotromanić hold on Croatian lands.
Tvrtko is widely considered one of Bosnia's greatest medieval rulers, having enlarged the country's borders to their greatest extent, left a strong economy, and improved the living standards of his subjects. He was survived by at least one son, Tvrtko II, but was succeeded by Dabiša, under whom Tvrtko's burgeoning realm began to decay.
and 24 Related for: Tvrtko I of Bosnia information
Stephen TvrtkoI (Serbo-Croatian: Stjepan/Stefan Tvrtko / Стјепан/Стефан Твртко; c. 1338 – 10 March 1391) was the first king ofBosnia. A member of the House...
time, Bosnian sovereignty and independence in conducting its affairs is nevertheless undeniable. King TvrtkoI (r. 1353–91) acquired portions of western...
weakening Tvrtko's position and that of a united Bosnia. The anarchy escalated, and in February the following year, the magnates revolted against Tvrtko and...
Salutati) to the King TvrtkoIofBosnia, dated 20 October 1389, Murad I's (and Yakub Bey's) killing was described. A party of twelve Serbian lords slashed...
title Ban ofBosnia passed directly to his son Tvrtko. Tvrtko, however, was only about 15 years old at the time, so Vladislav assumed the reins of government...
Bosnia and Herzegovina (Serbo-Croatian: Bosna i Hercegovina, Босна и Херцеговина), sometimes known as Bosnia-Herzegovina and informally as Bosnia, is...
Nasrid Sultan of Granada (now southern Spain). Stephen Dabiša succeeds Stephen TvrtkoI, as King ofBosnia. Shah Mansur becomes leader of the Timurid-occupied...
symbolize the sword ofTvrtko and his might as a ruler. The coat of arms was designed in a hurry, right at the beginning of the Bosnian War, which lasted...
received troops from Tvrtko, and thus gave some of the spoils and land to him. In 1377 TvrtkoI crowned himself King ofBosnia. In 1388 an Ottoman raiding...
Ostoja, Thomas succeeded King Tvrtko II, but his accession was not recognized by the leading magnate of the Kingdom ofBosnia, Stjepan Vukčić Kosača. The...
Tvrtko (also Stjepan Tvrtko or Stefan Tvrtko) may refer to: Stephen TvrtkoI, ruler of medieval Bosnia (1353–1366 and again 1367–1391) Stephen Tvrtko...
IofBosnia had himself crowned king, adopting the title of "King of Serbia, Bosnia and the Coastland", in 1377. Whether Louis had approved Tvrtko's coronation...
The Army of the Republic ofBosnia and Herzegovina (Bosnian: Armija Republike Bosne i Hercegovine; Cyrillic: Армија Републике Босне и Херцеговине or ARBiH)...
Vladislaus and brother of King TvrtkoI. When duke Hrvoje Vukčić in 1416 died, King Ostoja divorced his old wife Kujava from the house of Radinović and married...
the House of Nemanjic), and in 1377 accepted king TvrtkoIofBosnia (a maternal grandson of Serbian king Stefan Dragutin) as titular King of Serbia. Serbia...
Bosnia The flag of the Kingdom ofBosnia was based on coat of arms of the Bosnian dynasty Kotromanić, king TvrtkoI and his successors. The flag of medieval...
styling himself king ofBosnia for the remainder ofTvrtko II's reign, but without any recognition. The death of the childless Tvrtko II in November 1443...
Global Information