Various Scaphopoda, from left to right: Fissidentalium, Gadilida, Gadila, and Gadilida.
Scientific classification
Domain:
Eukaryota
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Mollusca
Subphylum:
Conchifera
Class:
Scaphopoda Bronn, 1862
Orders
Dentaliida
Gadilida
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Dentalium octangulatumFossil of Entalis laevis.Tusk shell necklace from Bronze Age (MHNT).
The tusk shells or tooth shells, technically the Scaphopoda/skæˈfɒpədə/ (the scaphopods/ˈskæfəpɒdz/, from Ancient Greek σκᾰ́φης skáphē "boat" and πούς poús "foot"), are members of a class of shelled marine mollusc with worldwide distribution, and are the only class of exclusively infaunal marine molluscs. Shells of species within this class range in length 0.5–18 cm (0.20–7.09 in) (with Fissidentalium metivieri as the longest).[3] Members of the order Dentaliida tend to be larger than those of the order Gadilida.
These molluscs live in soft substrates offshore (usually not intertidally). Because of this subtidal habitat and the small size of most species, many beachcombers are unfamiliar with them; their shells are not as common or as easily visible in the beach drift as the shells of sea snails and clams.
Molecular data suggest that the scaphopods are a sister group to the cephalopods, although higher-level molluscan phylogeny remains unresolved.[4]
^Cite error: The named reference Steiner1992 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Reynolds, Patrick D. (2002). "The Scaphopoda". Molluscan Radiation - Lesser-known Branches. Advances in Marine Biology. Vol. 42. pp. 137–236. doi:10.1016/S0065-2881(02)42014-7. ISBN 9780120261420. PMID 12094723.
^Vermeij, G. J. (2016). "Gigantism and Its Implications for the History of Life". PLOS ONE. 11 (1): e0146092. Bibcode:2016PLoSO..1146092V. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0146092. PMC 4714876. PMID 26771527.
^Giribet, G.; Okusu, A, A.; Lindgren, A.R., A. R.; Huff, S.W., S. W.; Schrödl, M, M.; Nishiguchi, M.K., M. K. (May 2006). "Evidence for a clade composed of molluscs with serially repeated structures: monoplacophorans are related to chitons". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 103 (20): 7723–7728. Bibcode:2006PNAS..103.7723G. doi:10.1073/pnas.0602578103. PMC 1472512. PMID 16675549.
The tuskshells or tooth shells, technically the Scaphopoda /skæˈfɒpədə/ (the scaphopods /ˈskæfəpɒdz/, from Ancient Greek σκᾰ́φης skáphē "boat" and πούς...
several species of tuskshell or scaphopod. The tuskshell is naturally open at both ends, and can easily be strung on a thread. This shell money was valued...
phylum Mollusca, which includes snails, clams, tuskshells, and several other classes. Not all shelled molluscs live in the sea; many live on the land...
snails), scaphopods (or tuskshells), polyplacophorans (or chitons), and cephalopods (such as nautilus and spirula). These shells are very often the most...
commonly known as the Wampum tuskshell or the Indian money tusk is a species of tuskshell in the family Dentaliidae. It was first described by George...
to tooth shells or tuskshells used in indigenous jewelry, adornment, and commerce in western Canada and the United States. These tuskshells are a kind...
hardened secretion of stony corals and the prominent mollusc shell shared by snails, clams, tuskshells, chitons and nautilus. Some vertebrate animals, such as...
(clams), Polyplacophora (chitons) and Scaphopoda (tuskshells). Cephalopods only have small internal shells, with the exception of the Nautiloidea. Some groups...
a species of tuskshell, a marine scaphopod mollusk in the family Dentaliidae. As the Latin name implies, the cross section of this shell is hexagonal;...
(bivalves) and tuskshells (scaphopods). Occasionally shell jewelry is made from the shells of non-marine mollusks such as the shells of land snails [1]...
and freshwater snails, as well as most bivalve molluscs (clams) and tuskshells. The veliger is the characteristic larva of the gastropod, bivalve and...
organic–inorganic composite material produced by some molluscs as an inner shell layer. It is also the material of which pearls are composed. It is strong...
Dentalium tiwhana is a tuskshell of the family Dentaliidae, endemic to New Zealand waters. Powell, A W B (1979). New Zealand Mollusca. Auckland, New Zealand:...
The Pitkin Formation, or Pitkin Limestone, is a fossiliferous geologic formation in northern Arkansas that dates to the Chesterian Series of the late Mississippian...
Dentalium longitrorsum is a species of tuskshell, a marine scaphopod mollusk in the family Dentaliidae. The shell is a slender and long, about 100mm. It...
the phylum Mollusca. It comprises all of the shell-bearing classes of molluscs, such as clams, tuskshells, ammonites, and monoplacophorans. The other...
known as a straight tuskshell, is a species of scaphopod, a small marine mollusc native to the coast of central California whose shell, like that of all...
Dentalium glaucarena is a species of tuskshell, a marine scaphopod mollusk in the family Dentaliidae. This species is endemic to the waters of New Zealand...
coat-of-mail shells or suck-rocks, or more formally as loricates, polyplacophorans, and occasionally as polyplacophores. Chitons have a shell composed of...
shell height reaching up to 1.2 m (3 ft 11 in). Rudist Titanosarcolites had overall size around 2 m (6 ft 7 in). Complete shell length of tuskshell Prodentalium...
The gastropod shell is part of the body of a gastropod or snail, a kind of mollusc. The shell is an exoskeleton, which protects from predators, mechanical...
Dentalium nanum is a tuskshell of the family Dentaliidae, endemic to New Zealand waters. The Dentalium shell was traditionally used for decorative purposes...
Costentalina elegans is a species of medium-sized tuskshell, a marine scaphopod mollusc in the family Entalinidae. It is found in Australia and the Indian...
Dentalium ecostatum is a species of tuskshell, a marine scaphopod mollusk in the family Dentaliidae. This species is endemic to New Zealand waters. Powell...
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