A list of prehistoric and extant species whose fossils have been found in the London Clay, which underlies large areas of southeast England.
Plant fossils, especially seeds and fruits, are found in abundance and have been collected from the London Clay for almost 300 years.[1] Some 350 named species of plant have been found, making the London Clay flora one of the world's most diverse for fossil seeds and fruits.[2] The flora includes plant types found today in tropical forests of Asia and demonstrates the much warmer climate of the Eocene epoch, with plants such as Nypa (Nipah palms) and other palms being frequently encountered. The following plants list is incomplete and is based on the research by Marjorie Chandler.[1] and research works done by the paleobotanist Steven R. Manchester[3] and by professor of plant palaeobiology Margaret Collinson.[4]
^ abChandler, M.E.J. 1961. The lower Tertiary floras of southern England I. Palaeocene floras, London Clay flora. London: British Museum (Natural History).
^Collinson, M. (1983). Fossil plants of the London Clay. The Palaeontological Association.
^"Steven R Manchester - Publications". ResearchGate.
^"Margaret Collinson - Publications - Research - Royal Holloway, University of London". pure.royalholloway.ac.uk.
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A list of prehistoric and extant species whose fossils have been found in theLondonClay, which underlies large areas of southeast England. Plant fossils...
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within the Falconiformes. The cladogram below displays the results ofthe phylogenetic analysis by Mayr & Kitchener (2022): PaleobiotaoftheLondonClay Mayr...
relation of Waltonavis within Telluraves. PaleobiotaoftheLondonClay Mayr, Gerald; Kitchener, Andrew C. (2022-11-30). "New species from the early Eocene...
shown in the cladogram below: PaleobiotaoftheLondonClay Mayr, Gerald; Kitchener, Andrew C. (2022-11-14). "Psittacopedids and zygodactylids: The diverse...
Psittacomimus within the Psittacopedidae in their phylogenetic analyses. Their results are shown in the cladogram below: PaleobiotaoftheLondonClay Mayr, Gerald;...
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are the underlying Wadhurst Clay Formation and the Ashdown Formation. The Hastings Beds in turn form part ofthe Wealden Group which underlies much of southeast...
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This list of fossil sites is a worldwide list of localities known well for the presence of fossils. Some entries in this list are notable for a single...
more humid areas. The Archer City Formation preserves a diverse fauna of fossil vertebrates in pond bonebeds across Archer and Clay counties. Many fossils...
marl and consists of mature black shales, marls and lime mudstones. Formed in a marine environment with little clay and brittle rock, the deposit is 30 to...
included in paleobiota lists here. The Bear Gulch Limestone is renowned for its unusual and ecologically diverse chondrichthyans, the group of cartilaginous...
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Gault clays. Numerous fish species are known from the Charmouth Mudstone and underlying Blue Lias, from such horizons as the "Fish Bed" ofthe Shales...
area are among the oxidized Permian sediments collectively termed the Red Beds of Texas and Oklahoma. They are represented by Red clays, shales, and mudstones...
between type D and type E, since they have both clay- and carbonate-rich horizons and all three major clay minerals: smectite, mica, and kaolinite. Type...
which appear greenish-grey when fresh and brownish-yellow when eroded out. Clay-rich pebble conglomerates are also observed in some areas. Complete, articulated...
Pennsylvanian sequence. The unit consists of cyclothemic sequences of coal, shale, limestone, sandstone, and clay. It contains six major coal zones, which...
J.; Vajda, V. (eds.). Mesozoic Biotas of Scandinavia and its Arctic Territories. Geological Society ofLondon, Special Publications. Vol. 434. pp. 165–188...
the Burgess Shale. Note: the below table represents only a small fraction ofthe total number of species. A complete list can be found at Paleobiota of...
alternating with carbonate (limestone) or clay. Sometimes these shales can be up to 8% organic material by weight. The different layers may be due to seasonal...
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