Paleogeography of the late Turonian (90 Ma), showing the high sea level at the time
Chronology
−140 —
–
−130 —
–
−120 —
–
−110 —
–
−100 —
–
−90 —
–
−80 —
–
−70 —
–
Mesozoic
C Z
J
Cretaceous
P g
L J
Early
Late
P C
Tithonian
Berriasian
Valanginian
Hauterivian
Barremian
Aptian
Albian
Cenomanian
Turonian
Coniacian
Santonian
Campanian
Maastrichtian
Danian
←
K-Pg mass extinction
Subdivision of the Cretaceous according to the ICS, as of 2022.[1] Vertical axis scale: millions of years ago.
Etymology
Name formality
Formal
Usage information
Celestial body
Earth
Regional usage
Global (ICS)
Time scale(s) used
ICS Time Scale
Definition
Chronological unit
Age
Stratigraphic unit
Stage
Time span formality
Formal
Lower boundary definition
FAD of the Ammonite Watinoceras devonense
Lower boundary GSSP
Rock Canyon, Colorado, USA 38°16′56″N104°43′39″W / 38.2822°N 104.7275°W / 38.2822; -104.7275
Lower GSSP ratified
September 2003[2]
Upper boundary definition
Not formally defined
Upper boundary definition candidates
FAD of the Inoceramid Bivalve Cremnoceramus rotundatus
Upper boundary GSSP candidate section(s)
Słupia Nadbrzeżna, Poland
Pueblo, Colorado, USA
Salzgitter-Salder quarry, Germany
The Turonian is, in the ICS' geologic timescale, the second age in the Late Cretaceous Epoch, or a stage in the Upper Cretaceous Series. It spans the time between 93.9 ± 0.8 Ma and 89.8 ± 1 Ma (million years ago). The Turonian is preceded by the Cenomanian Stage and underlies the Coniacian Stage.[3]
At the beginning of the Turonian an oceanic anoxic event (OAE 2) took place, also referred to as the Cenomanian-Turonian boundary event or the "Bonarelli Event".[4] Sea level fall took place in the latter part of the Turonian from the highstand at the beginning of the Turonian.[5]
^International Commission on Stratigraphy. "ICS - Chart/Time Scale". www.stratigraphy.org.
^Kennedy, W. J.; I. Walaszczyk; W. A. Cobban (2005). "The Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point for the base of the Turonian Stage of the Cretaceous: Pueblo, Colorado, U.S.A." (PDF). Episodes. 28 (2): 93–104. doi:10.18814/epiiugs/2005/v28i2/003.
^See Gradstein et al. (2004) for a detailed description of the ICS' timescale
^Cetean, Claudia G.; Balc, Ramona; Kaminski, Michael A.; Filipescu, Sorin (August 2008). "Biostratigraphy of the Cenomanian-Turonian boundary in the Eastern Carpathians (Dâmboviţa Valley): preliminary observations". Studia Universitatis Babeş-Bolyai, Geologia. 53 (1): 11–23. doi:10.5038/1937-8602.53.1.2.
^Wiese, Frank; Kröger, Björn (January 1998). "Evidence for a shallowing event in the Upper Turonian (Cretaceous) Mytiloides scupini Zone of northern Germany". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 48 (3): 265–284. Retrieved 15 December 2023.
The Turonian is, in the ICS' geologic timescale, the second age in the Late Cretaceous Epoch, or a stage in the Upper Cretaceous Series. It spans the time...
Albian, Turonian, and Senonian, later adding the Urgonian between Neocomian and Aptian and the Cenomanian between the Albian and Turonian. The Cretaceous...
Borkent 1995 New Jersey amber, Turonian Canadian amber, Campanian †Alautunmyia Borkent 1996 New Jersey amber, Turonian Larval stage of a ceratopogonid...
geologic timescale, it is preceded by the Albian and is followed by the Turonian. The Upper Cenomanian starts around at 95 Mya.[citation needed] The Cenomanian...
tethysuchian evolution, reporting evidence of a turnover after the Cenomanian-Turonian boundary event when a dyrosaurid-dominated fauna replaced a pholidosaurid-dominated...
fish containing the single species Parawenzichthys minor, known from the Turonian age Atlântida Formation in the Pelotas Basin in southern Brazil. Paleontology...
Shale) is a sedimentary rock formation deposited during the Cenomanian and Turonian ages of the Late Cretaceous over much of the modern-day state of Texas...
contributor to the extremely intense global warming during the Cenomanian-Turonian boundary event. Nitrous oxide has also been implicated in thinning the...
member of the order is the flower Soepadmoa cupulata preserved in the late Turonian-Coniacian New Jersey amber, which is a mosaic with characteristics characteristic...
the Barremian (127-121 million years ago) to the Turonian (94-90 million years ago). Past the Turonian, they were replaced by the smaller abelisaurids...
Armadillosuchus Turonian–Santonian Brazil Adamantina Formation A sphagesaurid with armadillo-like armor shields. Baurusuchus Turonian Brazil Adamantina...
reached its peak approximately 90 million years ago (90 Ma) during the Turonian age of the Late Cretaceous epoch. The CTM is notable for its dramatic increase...
titanosaurian dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous (middle Cenomanian–lower Turonian) Huincul Formation of Argentina. The genus contains a single species, C...
late Cretaceous Period during the Upper Cenomanian through the Middle Turonian (95-92 Ma). The Tropic Shale has an average thickness range from 183–274 m...
and pliosaurs, on the other hand, became extinct during the Cenomanian-Turonian anoxic event.[citation needed] Near the end of the Cretaceous Period, flowering...
Alvarezsaurus Adamantisaurus 2006 Adamantina Formation (Late Cretaceous, Turonian to Maastrichtian) Brazil Derived for a titanosaur as indicated by the...
family of decapod macruran astacideans from the late Cretaceous (Cenomanian-Turonian) of Gara Sbaa, Southeastern Morocco". Natural History Sciences. 5 (1):...
Triassic-Jurassic Extinction Event, the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event, the Cenomanian-Turonian Oceanic Anoxic Event, the Cretaceous-Palaeogene Extinction Event, and the...
Fencepost limestone Turonian US Trinacromerum Franciscan Formation US Graneros Shale Cenomanian US Thalassomedon Greenhorn Limestone Turonian US Brachauchenius...
Miocene. The earliest remains of the family are indeterminate teeth from the Turonian of Japan. Members of this family appear to have always been closely associated...
acritarchs. Introvertocystis rangiaotea is from the Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian–Turonian) Tupuangi Formation of the Chatham Islands, New Zealand. Mays, C.M.; Stilwell...
found in a layer of the Sunjiawan Formation dating from the Cenomanian-Turonian. It consists of a left lower jaw with three preserved teeth. Additionally...
an extinct genus of shark-like elasmobranch from the Late Cretaceous (Turonian)-aged Agua Nueva Formation of Mexico. It is currently known to contain...
Global Information