Female Trichogramma dendrolimi on egg of armyworm (Noctuidae)
Scientific classification
Domain:
Eukaryota
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Arthropoda
Class:
Insecta
Order:
Hymenoptera
Family:
Trichogrammatidae
Subfamily:
Trichogrammatinae
Tribe:
Trichogrammatini
Genus:
Trichogramma Westwood, 1833
Species
230+, see text
Trichogramma is a genus of minute polyphagous wasps that are endoparasitoids of insect eggs.[1]Trichogramma is one of around 80 genera from the family Trichogrammatidae, with over 200 species worldwide.[2][3][4]
Although several groups of egg parasitoids are commonly employed for biological control throughout the world, Trichogramma spp. have been the most extensively studied.[5] More than a thousand papers have been published on Trichogramma species, and they are the most used biological control agents in the world.[6]
Trichogramma spp. are also of interest in neuroscience research, having fewer than 10,000 neurons, approaching the theoretical lower limit of the size of an insect brain, yet exhibiting complex behaviors to sustain their lives. [7]
^Flanders, S; Quednau, W (1960). "Taxonomy of the genus Trichogramma (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Trichogrammatidae)". BioControl. 5 (4): 285–294. doi:10.1007/bf02372951. S2CID 34509414.
^Consoli FL, Parra JRP, Zucchi RA (2010) 'Egg Parasitoids in Agroecosystems with Emphasis on Trichogramma.' (Springer).
^Knutson A (2005) 'The Trichogramma Manual: A guide to the use of Trichogramma for Biological Control with Special Reference to Augmentative Releases for Control of Bollworm and Budworm in Cotton.' (Texas Agricultural Extension Service).
^Sumer, F; Tuncbilek, AS; Oztemiz, S; Pintureau, B; Rugman-Jones, P; Stouthamer, R (2009). "A molecular key to the common species of Trichogramma of the Mediterranean region" (PDF). BioControl. 54 (5): 617–624. Bibcode:2009BioCo..54..617S. doi:10.1007/s10526-009-9219-8.
^Upadhyay RK, Mukerji KG, Chamola BP (2001) 'Biocontrol potential and its Exploitation in Sustainable Agriculture: Insect Pests.' (Kluwer Academic/ Plenum Publishers).
^Knutson A (2005) 'The Trichogramma Manual: A guide to the use of Trichogramma for Biological Control with Special Reference to Augmentative Releases for Control of bollworm and Budworm in Cotton.' (Texas Agricultural Extension Service).
^van der Woude, Emma; Smid, Hans M. (September 2017). "Maximized complexity in miniaturized brains: morphology and distribution of octopaminergic, dopaminergic and serotonergic neurons in the parasitic wasp, Trichogramma evanescens". Cell and Tissue Research. 369 (3): 477–496. doi:10.1007/s00441-017-2642-8. PMC 5579201. PMID 28597098.
Trichogramma is a genus of minute polyphagous wasps that are endoparasitoids of insect eggs. Trichogramma is one of around 80 genera from the family Trichogrammatidae...
Trichogramma evanescens is a 0.5mm long parasitoid wasp which parasites Lepidoptera eggs. In the Philippines this parasitoid has been used to eradicate...
Trichogramma japonicum is a minute wasp parasitoid from the Trichogrammatidae family in the order Hymenoptera. T. japonicum parasitizes the eggs of many...
including throat irritation, upset stomach, and difficulty sleeping. Trichogramma is a genus of parasitoid wasp whose females lay their eggs in the eggs...
Trichogramma brassicae is a species of parasitoid wasps from the Trichogrammatidae family. It mainly parasitizes Lepidopteran hosts in agricultural fields...
genus TrichogrammaTrichogramma acacioi Brun, Gomez de Moraes and Soares, 1984 Trichogramma acantholydae Pintureau and Kenis, 2000 Trichogramma achaeae...
eaten by most common bird species.[citation needed] The parasitoid wasp Trichogramma attacks M. quinquemaculata eggs. The larvae of the wasp develop in the...
ISBN 978-0-306-46587-1. Knutson A (2005) 'The Trichogramma Manual: A guide to the use of Trichogramma for Bilogical Control with Special Reference to...
biological control attempt in Canada involves the parasitoidal wasp Trichogramma minutum. Individuals were caught in New York State and released in Ontario...
Asymphorodes trichogramma is a moth of the family Agonoxenidae. It was described by John Frederick Gates Clarke in 1986. It is found in French Polynesia...
widespread. Species of the three genera Telenomus, Tetrastichus and Trichogramma are greatly effective against eggs, larva and adult moths. Conocephalus...
are available for Choristoneura rosaceana and overwhelming numbers of Trichogramma minutum, and Cyclocephala longula overwhelmed by Steinernema scarabaei...
parthenogenesis induced by presence of Wolbachia are some species within the Trichogramma parasitoid wasp genus, which have evolved to procreate without males...
for environmental reasons when it was classified as an ozone depleter. Trichogramma parasitoids are a potential biological control for the Mediterranean...
insecticides or biological control through the release of entomophages such as Trichogramma spp. and Habrobracon hebetor. Monitoring is possible by the use of sex...
location. In 2018, egg parasitoid wasps of the genera Telenomus and Trichogramma were discovered to attack army worm eggs in East Africa. Cotesia icipe...
Retrieved 26 January 2024. Smith, S. M. (1996). "Biological control with Trichogramma: advances, successes, and potential of their use". Annual Review of Entomology...
as pollinators of figs. Some chalcidoids, especially those in genera Trichogramma (Trichogrammatidae) and Nasonia (Pteromalidae) are model organisms in...
usually similar to those of females but in some genera (e.g., Ufens, Trichogramma) there is a noticeable difference in the antennae. Trichogrammatidae...
needed] Disadvantage: strong "perfumed" smell. Trichogrammatid wasps (e.g. Trichogramma evanescens) – Tiny parasitoid wasps which place their own eggs inside...
Fireflies Praying Mantis Soldier beetles Syrphid flies Tachinid flies Trichogramma wasps Plants in the families Apiaceae and Asteraceae are generally valuable...
(Cotesia empretiae; Triraphis discoideus). An egg parasitoid of genus Trichogramma was also recorded.(Gates et al 2012) Eats a variety of deciduous trees...
2015 study, neonicotinoids toxicity was tested on the egg parasitoid trichogramma. Nitenpyram specifically was found to have the lowest toxicity, making...
175–196. J. Bronté Gatenby (1918). "The Segregation of the Germ-cells in Trichogramma evanescens". Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science. s2-63: 161–174...
Retrieved 6 June 2016. Smith, S. M. (1996). "Biological control with Trichogramma: advances, successes, and potential of their use". Annual Review of Entomology...
Hymenoptera are parasites of the almond moth. Several parasites of the genus Trichogramma, including T. evanescens, T. cacoeciae, and T. brassicae are common among...
development. However, their eggs are susceptible to biological control by Trichogramma wasps. The wasps deposit their eggs into codling moth eggs, and the developing...
Thiacloprid, a New Chloronicotinyl Insecticide, On the Egg Parasitoid Trichogramma cacaoeciae". Ecotoxicology. 9 (3): 197–205. doi:10.1023/A:1008994705074...
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