This article is about Polish–Soviet peace treaty of 1921. For Latvian–Soviet treaty of 1920, see Latvian–Soviet Peace Treaty.
Treaty of Riga
Signed
18 March 1921
Location
Riga, Latvia
Ratified
15 April 1921 14 April 1921 17 April 1921
Expiration
17 September 1939
Parties
Poland
Soviet Russia[1]
Soviet Ukraine[1]
Ratifiers
SejmRussian Soviet Ukrainian Soviet
Territorial evolution of Poland in the 20th century
Pre-World War II
Revolution in Congress Poland (1905–1907)
Ostrowiec Republic
Zagłębie Republic
Separation of Kholm Governorate from Congress Poland and annexation into Russian Kiev General Governorate (1913)
Act of 5th November by the Central Powers proclaiming Kingdom of Poland (1916)
Central Powers-Ukrainian People's Republic/Ukrainian State Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (1918)
Central Powers-Soviet Russia Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (1918)
Short-lived Byelorussian, Ukrainian and Rusyn republics (1917-1920): West Ukrainian People's (later absorbed into Poland-allied Ukrainian People 's), Belarusian Democratic, Lemko, Komancza
Local revolts and transient polities in postwar power vacuum (1918)
Tarnobrzeg Republic
Republic of Zakopane
First Republic of Pińczów
Witkowo Revolt
Republic of Ostrów
Restoration of Polish independence (1918) and ensuing wars to preseve it (1918-1922):
Greater Poland uprising
Silesian Uprisings
Polish–Czechoslovak War
Polish-West Ukrainian War
War of Polish-Ukrainian alliance against Soviet Russia (1920-1921) and its satellites:
Ukrainian SSR
short-lived Galician SSR later merged into the former
short-lived SSR of Lithuania and Belorussia
attempted Polish SSR later dissolved and replaced with token Polish National Districts
Polish-Lithuanian War
Treaty of Versailles (1919)
Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1919)
Suwałki Agreement (1920)
Treaty of Warsaw (1920) with Ukrainian People's Republic
1920 East Prussian plebiscite (1920)
Polish satellite states
Republic of Central Lithuania (1920-1922)
Free City of Danzig under League of Nations protection (1921-1939)
Peace of Riga (1921): eastern border of Poland accepted by Russian SFSR and its satellites (Byelorussian SSR which replaced SSR of Lithuania and Belorussia, and Ukrainian SSR which replaced Ukrainian People's Republic)
Taken Lands (remainder of Russian partition of Poland)
Wileńszczyzna
Grodzieńszczyzna
Lwów Land
Areas of Galicia and Lodomeria east of river San
Kresy Zachodnie ("Western Borderlands")
1815-1918 used as synonymous with entire Prussian partition of Poland
1918-1945 used in altered meaning
regions unsuccessfully claimed from Germany by interwar Poland, in particular Upper Silesia, Warmia, Masuria, Powiśle, Posen-West Prussia, sometimes also Starostwo of Draheim, Lauenburg and Bütow Land and easternmost Hither Pomerania (Lands of Schlawe and Stolp)
Zaolzie
After 1945, the former eastern territories of Germany were called Recovered Territories, while the term Kresy Zachodnie fell into disuse, though it was sometimes invoked to denote Polish claims to some East German territories such as Wolgast Pomerania, Milsko, Miśnia or Lausitz, raised typically only until early 1970s as counterclaims to retaliate for West German calls for revision of Oder–Neisse line.
Demarcation lines
Greater Poland military demarcation line (1919-1920)
Cieszyn Silesia demarcation line (1918-1920)
Polish–Lithuanian demarcation line (1919-1920)
Curzon Line (1920)
Upper Silesia demarcation line (1921-1922)
Polish–Lithuanian demarcation line (1923-1938)
Oder–Neisse line (1945–1951)
Adjacent countries
Territorial evolution of Germany
Territorial changes of the Baltic states
Territorial evolution of Russia
v
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The Treaty of Riga was signed in Riga, Latvia, on 18 March 1921 between Poland on one side and Soviet Russia (acting also on behalf of Soviet Belarus) and Soviet Ukraine on the other, ending the Polish–Soviet War (1919–1921).[2] The chief negotiators of the peace were Jan Dąbski for the Polish side[3] and Adolph Joffe for the Soviet side.
Under the treaty, Poland recognized Soviet Ukraine and Belarus, abrogating its 1920 Treaty of Warsaw with the Ukrainian People's Republic. The Treaty of Riga established a Polish–Soviet border about 250 kilometres (160 mi) east of the Curzon Line, incorporating large numbers of Ukrainians and Belarusians into the Second Polish Republic. Poland, which agreed to withdraw from areas further east (notably Minsk), renounced claims to the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth's border prior to the 1772 First Partition of Poland, recovering only those eastern regions (Kresy) lost to Russia in the 1795 Third Partition. While Russia and Ukraine agreed to withdraw their claims to lands west of the demarcated border line. Poland, by recognising the puppet states of the USSR and simultaneously withdrawing recognition of the UPR (its only ally in the Polish-Bolshevik war), was in fact giving up on the federation programme, while Russia approved of the fact that the whole of Galicia, as well as the territories of the former Russian Empire, inhabited largely by non-Polish people, were to be found within Poland's borders. The treaty also addressed matters of sovereignty, citizenship, national minorities, repatriation, and diplomatic and commercial relations. The Treaty lasted until the invasion of Poland by the Soviet Union in 1939, and their borders were redefined by an agreement in 1945.
^ abText of the document. Германо-советско-польская война 1939 года website.
^K. Marek. Identity and Continuity of States in Public International Law. Librairie Droz 1968. pp. 419–420.
^Cite error: The named reference Savchenko2009 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
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Global Information
15 April 1921
14 April 1921
17 April 1921