The Transbay Tube is an underwater rail tunnel that carries Bay Area Rapid Transit's four transbay lines under San Francisco Bay between the cities of San Francisco and Oakland in California. The tube is 3.6 miles (5.8 km) long, and attaches to twin bored tunnels.[2] The section of rail between the nearest stations (one of which is underground) totals 6 miles (10 km) in length. The tube has a maximum depth of 135 feet (41 m) below sea level.
Built using the immersed tube technique, the Transbay tube was constructed on land in 57 sections, transported to the site, and then submerged and fastened to the bottom – primarily by packing its sides with sand and gravel.[3]
Opened in 1974, the tunnel was the final segment of the original BART system to open.[4] All BART lines except the Orange Line operate through the Transbay Tube, making it one of the busiest sections of the system in terms of passenger and train traffic. During peak commute times, over 28,000 passengers per hour travel through the tunnel[5] with headways as short as 2.5 minutes.[6] BART trains can reach their highest speeds in the tube, up to 80 miles per hour (129 km/h), although trains typically operate at 70 miles per hour (113 km/h) unless trying to recover from a delay.[7]
^"BART Tube Link Opens". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. AP. September 17, 1974. Retrieved August 20, 2016.
^"A History of BART: The Project Begins | bart.gov". www.bart.gov. Retrieved November 15, 2021.
^Strand, Robert (September 14, 1974). "San Francisco gets its space age underwater trains". The Dispatch. UPI. Retrieved August 20, 2016.
^"The Case for a Second Transbay Transit Crossing" (PDF). Bay Area Council Economic Institute. February 2016. p. 7. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 1, 2016.
^Mallett, Zakhary (September 7, 2014). "2nd Transbay Tube needed to help keep BART on track". San Francisco Chronicle.
^Minton, Torri (September 17, 1984). "BART: It's not the system it set out to be". Spokane Chronicle. AP. Retrieved August 20, 2016. Hitting speeds close to 80 mph only in the 3.6-mile tube under the bay, the trains average 36 mph for safety reasons, [BART spokesman Sy] Mouber said.
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TransbayTube, was virtually undamaged and only closed for post-earthquake inspection. With the Bay Bridge closed because of its damage, the Transbay...
Francisco.[citation needed] Prior to the bridges and, later, the TransbayTube, transbay transportation was dominated by fleets of ferryboats operated by...
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elevated side platforms and is located near the eastern end of the TransbayTube. All main BART lines except the Orange Line stop at the station. The...
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Area Rapid Transit (BART) trunk line and the east portal of the BART TransbayTube connecting Oakland with San Francisco were added near the alignment...
line also crosses over part of the port, and the east portal of the TransbayTube that carries BART trains from Oakland to San Francisco lies within the...
from Buenos Aires and shot to death. The TransbayTube (officially the "Bay Area Underwater Rapid Transit Tube"), the first tunnel underneath the San Francisco...
special treatment. Transbaytube BART trains travel between San Francisco and Oakland through an underwater tube structure. The tube is composed of welded...
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