Toxolophosaurus was a sphenodont which lived in North America during the Early Cretaceous.[3]
The first specimen, consisting of a pair of lower jaws, was found by George Cloud and described by Everett C. Olson in 1960[2] in the Kootenai Formation of Montana, 223.75 feet above the base of the Kootenai.[3] Olson originally classified Toxolophosaurus as a member of the family Trilophosauridae, which was a group of primitive lizard-like reptiles which lived during the Triassic Period, although he provided no reasons for this decision. In 1981, Toxolophosaurus was reassigned to the family Sphenodontidae, on the basis that the specimens were more similar to Sphenodon than to members of Trilophosauridae.[1] This classification was confirmed in 1985 by Michael Benton.[4] It is closely related to Priosphenodon and Eilenodon.
In addition to the specimen recovered from Montana, numerous sphenodont fossils which have been ascribed to Toxolophosaurus have also been found within the Yellow Cat Member of the Cedar Mountain Formation.[5]
Toxolophosaurus was herbivorous.[1]
^ abcdThrockmorton, Gaylord S.; Hopson, James A.; Parks, Peter (1981). "A redescription of Toxolophosaurus cloudi Olson, a Lower Cretaceous herbivorous sphenodontid reptile". Journal of Paleontology. 55 (3): 586–597. JSTOR 1304272.
^ abEverett C. Olson (May 1960). "A Trilophosaurid Reptile from the Kootenai Formation (Lower Cretaceous)". Journal of Paleontology. 34 (3): 551–555. JSTOR 1300954.
^"Taxonomic opinions tied to this reference: M. J. Benton 1985". Paleobiology Database. Fossilworks. Retrieved 17 December 2021.
^Kirkland, James I.; Suarez, Marina; Suarez, Celina; Hunt-Foster, ReBecca (2016). "The Lower Cretaceous in East-Central Utah—The Cedar Mountain Formation and its Bounding Strata". Geology of the Intermountain West. 3: 101–228.
been ascribed to Toxolophosaurus have also been found within the Yellow Cat Member of the Cedar Mountain Formation. Toxolophosaurus was herbivorous. Paleontology...
Trinitichelys, Aquatilavipes (fossilized bird tracks), the rhynchocephalian Toxolophosaurus, and the indeterminate remains of hybodontid and polyacrodontid sharks...
Genus Species Location Member Abundance Description Images ToxolophosaurusToxolophosaurus sp. Yellow Cat Member. Harmodontosaurus Harmodontosaurus emeryensis...
avelasi. Among all other rhynchocephalians, Eilenodon is most similar to Toxolophosaurus, another eilenodont which was redescribed the same year as Eilenodon's...
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