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Topological property information


In topology and related areas of mathematics, a topological property or topological invariant is a property of a topological space that is invariant under homeomorphisms. Alternatively, a topological property is a proper class of topological spaces which is closed under homeomorphisms. That is, a property of spaces is a topological property if whenever a space X possesses that property every space homeomorphic to X possesses that property. Informally, a topological property is a property of the space that can be expressed using open sets.

A common problem in topology is to decide whether two topological spaces are homeomorphic or not. To prove that two spaces are not homeomorphic, it is sufficient to find a topological property which is not shared by them.

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Topological property

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sufficient to find a topological property which is not shared by them. A property P {\displaystyle P} is: Hereditary, if for every topological space ( X , T...

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Topology

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homotopies. A property that is invariant under such deformations is a topological property. The following are basic examples of topological properties: the dimension...

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Topological manifold

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of mathematics, a topological manifold is a topological space that locally resembles real n-dimensional Euclidean space. Topological manifolds are an important...

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Topological space

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Common types of topological spaces include Euclidean spaces, metric spaces and manifolds. Although very general, the concept of topological spaces is fundamental...

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Subspace topology

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then it is a topological space in its own right, and is called a subspace of ( X , τ ) {\displaystyle (X,\tau )} . Subsets of topological spaces are usually...

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Uniform property

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property or uniform invariant is a property of a uniform space that is invariant under uniform isomorphisms. Since uniform spaces come as topological...

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Homeomorphism

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isomorphisms in the category of topological spaces—that is, they are the mappings that preserve all the topological properties of a given space. Two spaces...

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Topological game

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In mathematics, a topological game is an infinite game of perfect information played between two players on a topological space. Players choose objects...

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Dirichlet function

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In mathematics, the Dirichlet function is the indicator function 1 Q {\displaystyle \mathbf {1} _{\mathbb {Q} }} of the set of rational numbers Q {\displaystyle...

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Topological quantum computer

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processors, the first used a toric code with twist defects as a topological degenerancy (or topological defect) while the second used a different but related protocol...

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Topological vector space

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investigated in functional analysis. A topological vector space is a vector space that is also a topological space with the property that the vector space operations...

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Connected space

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Connectedness is one of the principal topological properties that are used to distinguish topological spaces. A subset of a topological space X {\displaystyle X}...

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Group action

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compactness of the quotient space G \ X. Now assume G is a topological group and X a topological space on which it acts by homeomorphisms. The action is...

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Contractible space

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In mathematics, a topological space X is contractible if the identity map on X is null-homotopic, i.e. if it is homotopic to some constant map. Intuitively...

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List of general topology topics

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This is a list of general topology topics. Topological space Topological property Open set, closed set Clopen set Closure (topology) Boundary (topology)...

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List of topology topics

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topics List of topological invariants (topological properties) Publications in topology Quantum topology Topological defect Topological entropy in physics...

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Compact space

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space, but may not be equivalent in other topological spaces. One such generalization is that a topological space is sequentially compact if every infinite...

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Convex hull

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hulls, the upward-facing and downward-facing parts of the boundary form topological disks. The closed convex hull of a set is the closure of the convex hull...

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Rational number

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\mathbb {Q} .} All three topologies coincide and turn the rationals into a topological field. The rational numbers are an important example of a space which...

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Locally connected space

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by definition, a local property of topological spaces, i.e., a topological property P such that a space X possesses property P if and only if each point...

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Completely metrizable space

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mathematics, a completely metrizable space (metrically topologically complete space) is a topological space (X, T) for which there exists at least one metric...

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Topological insulator

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material. But in a topological insulator, these bands are, in an informal sense, "twisted", relative to a trivial insulator. The topological insulator cannot...

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Topological sorting

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In computer science, a topological sort or topological ordering of a directed graph is a linear ordering of its vertices such that for every directed...

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Extended real number line

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{R} ,} it enables a formulation of a "limit at infinity", with topological properties similar to those for R . {\displaystyle \mathbb {R} .} To make things...

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Perfect set

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properties of a topological space, such as being a Gδ space. As another possible source of confusion, also note that having the perfect set property is...

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