Surgical procedure involving partial or complete removal of the thyroid
Thyroidectomy
Thyroid surgery
ICD-9-CM
06.3-06.5
MeSH
D013965
[edit on Wikidata]
A thyroidectomy is an operation that involves the surgical removal of all or part of the thyroid gland. In general surgery, endocrine or head and neck surgeons often perform a thyroidectomy when a patient has thyroid cancer or some other condition of the thyroid gland (such as hyperthyroidism) or goiter. Other indications for surgery include cosmetic (very enlarged thyroid), or symptomatic obstruction (causing difficulties in swallowing or breathing). Thyroidectomy is a common surgical procedure that has several potential complications or sequelae including: temporary or permanent change in voice, temporary or permanently low calcium, need for lifelong thyroid hormone replacement, bleeding, infection, and the remote possibility of airway obstruction due to bilateral vocal cord paralysis. Complications are uncommon when the procedure is performed by an experienced surgeon.[citation needed]
The thyroid produces several hormones, such as thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), and calcitonin. After the removal of a thyroid, patients usually take a prescribed oral synthetic thyroid hormone—levothyroxine (Synthroid)—to prevent hypothyroidism. Less extreme variants of thyroidectomy include:
hemithyroidectomy (or unilateral lobectomy): removing only half of the thyroid
isthmectomy or isthmusectomy: removing the band of tissue (or isthmus) connecting the two lobes of the thyroid
A thyroidectomy should not be confused with a thyroidotomy (thyrotomy), which is a cutting into (‑otomy) the thyroid, not a removal (‑ectomy, literally “out-cutting”) of it. A thyroidotomy can be performed to get access for a median laryngotomy, or to perform a biopsy. (Although technically a biopsy involves removing some tissue, it is more frequently categorized as an ‑otomy than an ‑ectomy because the volume of tissue removed is minuscule.)
Traditionally, the thyroid has been removed through a neck incision that leaves a permanent scar. More recently, minimally invasive and "scarless" approaches such as transoral thyroidectomy have become popular in some parts of the world. In the United States, over 100,000 procedures are performed yearly as it is a common procedure. [1][2][3]
^Sun GH, DeMonner S, Davis MM. Epidemiological and economic trends ininpatient and outpatient thyroidectomy in the United States, 1996 – 2006.Thyroid. 2013;23:727 – 733.
^Patel, Kepal N.; Yip, Linwah; Lubitz, Carrie C.; Grubbs, Elizabeth G.; Miller, Barbra S.; Shen, Wen; Angelos, Peter; Chen, Herbert; Doherty, Gerard M.; Fahey, Thomas J.; Kebebew, Electron (March 2020). "The American Association of Endocrine Surgeons Guidelines for the Definitive Surgical Management of Thyroid Disease in Adults". Annals of Surgery. 271 (3): e21–e93. doi:10.1097/SLA.0000000000003580. ISSN 0003-4932. PMID 32079830.
A thyroidectomy is an operation that involves the surgical removal of all or part of the thyroid gland. In general surgery, endocrine or head and neck...
microcarcinoma on ultrasound (and confirmed on FNAB) range from total thyroidectomy with radioactive iodine ablation to observation alone. Harach et al...
hot. Malignancy is virtually non-existent in hot nodules. Surgery (thyroidectomy) may be indicated in the following instances: Reaccumulation of the...
and lobectomy for Category IV, near total-thyroidectomy/lobectomy for Category V, and near total thyroidectomy for Category VI. The risk of malignancy in...
produce voiced sound. This may result from damage, such as surgery (e.g., thyroidectomy) or a tumor., or can be a result of psychological means. Aphonia means...
of Bilateral Thyroidectomy in Cats. In: Vet. Surgery. 18(5), 1989, p. 392–396. PMID 2815557. E. C. Naan et al.: Results of thyroidectomy in 101 cats with...
can be injured in surgery involving the removal of the thyroid gland (thyroidectomy). Understanding the most common anatomic variations of the distal portion...
proceeding to completion thyroidectomy and postoperative radioiodine ablation where carcinoma is confirmed. This way total thyroidectomy is not carried out...
and type 2). Iatrogenic hypothyroidism can be surgical (a result of thyroidectomy, usually for thyroid nodules or cancer) or following radioiodine ablation...
microcarcinoma on ultrasound (and confirmed on FNAB) range from total thyroidectomy with radioactive iodine ablation to lobectomy or observation alone....
thyroid gland (thyroidectomy) either as a part of the gland (lobectomy or hemithyroidectomy), or the whole gland (total thyroidectomy). Incomplete resections...
valuable marker to detect recurrence of medullary thyroid carcinoma after thyroidectomy.[citation needed] Luxol fast blue staining identifies myelin sheathing...
parathyroid glands due to anterior neck surgery (including thyroid surgery) (thyroidectomy), parathyroid surgery (parathyroidectomy). This is the most common cause...
as the pioneer of robotic thyroidectomy technique called RABIT (Robotic-assisted breast-axillo insufflation thyroidectomy) and Minimally Invasive Neck...
protein. Circulating thyroglobulin has a half-life of 65 hours. Following thyroidectomy, it may take many weeks before thyroglobulin levels become undetectable...
hyperthyroidism. A large majority of the thyroid may be removed (subtotal thyroidectomy) to treat the hyperthyroidism of Graves' disease, or to remove a goiter...
has been implemented in software applications. In patients undergoing thyroidectomy it could be demonstrated that this algorithm can be used to reconstruct...
A plasma level of metanephrines should be checked before surgical thyroidectomy takes place to evaluate for the presence of pheochromocytoma since 25%...
an autosomal dominant fashion. Management of MEN2 patients includes thyroidectomy including cervical central and bilateral lymph nodes dissection for...
treat breast cancer. He is credited with the performance of the first thyroidectomy. He wrote three textbooks on surgery, including Manual of Medial Practitioners...
the key drug example being amiodarone, and a surgical example being thyroidectomy. This was not a defining characteristic in an earlier review by Charlier...
metabolism remains clinically normal after removal of the thyroid (thyroidectomy), but not the parathyroid glands. About 20,000 protein-coding genes...
supplements are used as treatment. Sometimes a partial or complete thyroidectomy is required. Goitre is more common among women, but this includes the...
ranging from the epidemiology of the disease to technical procedures on thyroidectomy. His book Spezielle chirurgische Diagnostik (Special Surgical Diagnosis)...
treat breast cancer. He is credited with the performance of the first thyroidectomy. Al-Zahrawi pioneered techniques of neurosurgery and neurological diagnosis...
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