Thioploca is a genus of filamentous sulphur-oxidizing bacteria, in the order Thiotrichales (class Gammaproteobacteria). They inhabit both marine and freshwater environments, forming vast communities off the Pacific coast of South America and in other areas with a high organic matter sedimentation and bottom waters rich in nitrate and poor in oxygen.[3][4] Their cells contain large vacuoles that occupy more than 80% of the cellular volume, used to store nitrate to oxidize sulphur for anaerobic respiration in the absence of oxygen, an important characteristic of the genus.[3] With cell diameters ranging from 15-40 μm, they are some of the largest bacteria known.[4] They provide an important link between the nitrogen and sulphur cycles, because they use both sulfur and nitrogen compounds.[5] They secrete a sheath of mucus which they use as a tunnel to travel between sulphide-containing sediment and nitrate-containing sea water.[6]
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^Jørgensen, B. B.; Gallardo, V. A. (1999). "Thioploca spp.: Filamentous sulfur bacteria with nitrate vacuoles". FEMS Microbiology Ecology. 28 (4): 301. doi:10.1111/j.1574-6941.1999.tb00585.x.
^ abJørgensen, Bo Barker; Gallardo, Victor A (1999-04-01). "Thioploca spp.: filamentous sulfur bacteria with nitrate vacuoles". FEMS Microbiology Ecology. 28 (4): 301–313. doi:10.1111/j.1574-6941.1999.tb00585.x. ISSN 0168-6496.
^ abAngert, Esther R.; Clements, Kendall D.; Pace, Norman R. (March 1993). "The largest bacterium". Nature. 362 (6417): 239–241. Bibcode:1993Natur.362..239A. doi:10.1038/362239a0. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 8459849. S2CID 4242187.
freshwater species (Thioploca ingrica and Thioploca schmidlei) and two marine species (Thioploca araucae and Thioploca chileae). Thioploca are defined by their...
Thioploca araucae is a marine thioploca from the benthos of the Chilean continental shelf. It is a colonial, multicellular, gliding trichomes of similar...
Thioploca chileae is a marine thioploca from the benthos of the Chilean continental shelf. It is a colonial, multicellular, gliding trichomes of similar...
Thiomargarita are closely related to Thioploca and Beggiatoa in function, their structures are different. Thioploca and Beggiatoa cells are much smaller...
filamentous sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, related to the genera Beggiatoa and Thioploca. They are usually Gram-negative (but can be Gram-variable) and rod-shaped...
have been detected, and the most important among them are Beggiatoa, Thioploca and Thiomargarita; besides, large amounts of hydrogen sulfide are produced...
For example, benthic sulfur bacteria in genera such as Beggiatoa and Thioploca inhabit anoxic sediments on continental shelves and obtain energy by oxidizing...
sulfur are the main features which define Beggiatoa and its close relative Thioploca as filamentous colorless sulfur bacteria, in contrast to other filamentous...
other oxidants in the upper layers. Microorganisms belonging to the genus Thioploca, for example, use nitrate, which is stored intracellularly, to oxidize...
(mainly large multi-cellular filamentous "mega bacteria" of the genera Thioploca and Beggiatoa, and of "macrobacteria" including a diversity of phenotypes)...
vacuoles are found in three genera of filamentous sulfur bacteria, the Thioploca, Beggiatoa and Thiomargarita. The cytosol is extremely reduced in these...
of large bacterial mats made up of the giant sulfur-oxidizing bacteria Thioploca spp. and Beggiatoa spp. which reduce NO3− and/or NO2− to NH4+ using reduced...
PMID 14346132. Maier, S.; Murray, R. G. E. (1965). "The Fine Structure of Thioploca Ingrica and a Comparison with Beggiatoa". Canadian Journal of Microbiology...
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