Minard's 1869 flow map of Napoleon's invasion of Russia in 1812–1813. A very innovative thematic map from the 19th century.Isarithmic map of minimum temperature used as plant hardiness zones.
A thematic map is a type of map that portrays the geographic pattern of a particular subject matter (theme) in a geographic area. This usually involves the use of map symbols to visualize selected properties of geographic features that are not naturally visible, such as temperature, language, or population.[1] In this, they contrast with general reference maps, which focus on the location (more than the properties) of a diverse set of physical features, such as rivers, roads, and buildings.[2][3] Alternative names have been suggested for this class, such as special-subject or special-purpose maps, statistical maps, or distribution maps, but these have generally fallen out of common usage.[4][5] Thematic mapping is closely allied with the field of Geovisualization.
Several types of thematic maps have been invented, starting in the 18th and 19th centuries, as large amounts of statistical data began to be collected and published, such as national censuses. These types, such as choropleth maps, isarithmic maps, and chorochromatic maps, use very different strategies for representing the location and attributes of geographic phenomena, such that each is preferable for different forms of phenomena and different forms of available data. A wide variety of phenomena and data can thus be visualized using thematic maps, including those from the natural world (e.g., climate, soils) and the human world (e.g., demographics, public health)
^Bartz Petchenik, Barbara (April 1979). "From Place to Space: The Psychological Achievement of Thematic Mapping". Cartography and Geographic Information Science. 6 (1): 5–12. doi:10.1559/152304079784022763.
^Thrower, Norman J.W. (2008). Maps and Civilization: Cartography in Culture and Society (3rd ed.). University of Chicago Press. p. 95. ISBN 9780226799759.
^"Fundamentals of Mapping". icsm.gov.au. Retrieved 2015-05-03.
^Dent, Borden D.; Torguson, Jeffrey S.; Hodler, Thomas W. (2009). Cartography: Thematic Map Design. McGraw-Hill. p. 7. ISBN 978-0-07-294382-5.
^Keates, John S. (1973). Cartographic design and production. Longman. p. 59.
A thematicmap is a type of map that portrays the geographic pattern of a particular subject matter (theme) in a geographic area. This usually involves...
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special purpose map. This type of map falls somewhere between thematic and general maps. They combine general map elements with thematic attributes in order...
choropleth map (from Ancient Greek χῶρος (khôros) 'area, region', and πλῆθος (plêthos) 'multitude') is a type of statistical thematicmap that uses pseudocolor...
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cartogram (also called a value-area map or an anamorphic map, the latter common among German-speakers) is a thematicmap of a set of features (countries,...
map with good visual hierarchy, thematic symbols should be graphically emphasized. A map with a visual hierarchy that is effective attracts the map user's...
A heat map (or heatmap) is a 2-dimensional data visualization technique that represents the magnitude of individual values within a dataset as a color...
Chorochromatic map (from Greek χώρα chóra 'region' and χρώμα chróma 'color'), also known as an area-class, qualitative area, or mosaic map, is a type of thematic map...
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to highlight specific variations on a theme through the creation of a Thematicmap. The basic data is overlaid with graphic styles (e.g. colour shades,...
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A dasymetric map (from Greek δασύς dasýs 'dense' and μέτρο métro 'measure') is a type of thematicmap that uses areal symbols to visualize a geographic...
An isochrone map in geography and urban planning is a map that depicts the area accessible from a point within a certain time threshold. An isochrone (iso...
world, the choice of projection becomes largely one of aesthetics. Thematicmaps normally require an equal area projection so that phenomena per unit...
An isopach map (/ˈaɪsoʊpæk/) illustrates thickness variations within a tabular unit, layer or stratum. Isopachs are contour lines of equal thickness over...
thematicmap in which areas are colored differently to show the measurement of a statistical variable being displayed on the map. The choropleth map provides...
exceptions, such as the occasional introduction of a novel Map projection, and the advent of thematic mapping in the 19th century highlighted by the work of...
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