Territorial changes of Poland immediately after World War II information
Territorial evolution of Poland in the 20th century
Pre-World War II
Revolution in Congress Poland (1905–1907)
Ostrowiec Republic
Zagłębie Republic
Separation of Kholm Governorate from Congress Poland and annexation into Russian Kiev General Governorate (1913)
Act of 5th November by the Central Powers proclaiming Kingdom of Poland (1916)
Central Powers-Ukrainian People's Republic/Ukrainian State Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (1918)
Central Powers-Soviet Russia Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (1918)
Short-lived Byelorussian, Ukrainian and Rusyn republics (1917-1920): West Ukrainian People's (later absorbed into Poland-allied Ukrainian People 's), Belarusian Democratic, Lemko, Komancza
Local revolts and transient polities in postwar power vacuum (1918)
Tarnobrzeg Republic
Republic of Zakopane
First Republic of Pińczów
Witkowo Revolt
Republic of Ostrów
Restoration of Polish independence (1918) and ensuing wars to preseve it (1918-1922):
Greater Poland uprising
Silesian Uprisings
Polish–Czechoslovak War
Polish-West Ukrainian War
War of Polish-Ukrainian alliance against Soviet Russia (1920-1921) and its satellites:
Ukrainian SSR
short-lived Galician SSR later merged into the former
short-lived SSR of Lithuania and Belorussia
attempted Polish SSR later dissolved and replaced with token Polish National Districts
Polish-Lithuanian War
Treaty of Versailles (1919)
Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1919)
Suwałki Agreement (1920)
Treaty of Warsaw (1920) with Ukrainian People's Republic
1920 East Prussian plebiscite (1920)
Polish satellite states
Republic of Central Lithuania (1920-1922)
Free City of Danzig under League of Nations protection (1921-1939)
Peace of Riga (1921): eastern border of Poland accepted by Russian SFSR and its satellites (Byelorussian SSR which replaced SSR of Lithuania and Belorussia, and Ukrainian SSR which replaced Ukrainian People's Republic)
Taken Lands (remainder of Russian partition of Poland)
Wileńszczyzna
Grodzieńszczyzna
Lwów Land
Areas of Galicia and Lodomeria east of river San
Kresy Zachodnie ("Western Borderlands")
1815-1918 used as synonymous with entire Prussian partition of Poland
1918-1945 used in altered meaning
regions unsuccessfully claimed from Germany by interwar Poland, in particular Upper Silesia, Warmia, Masuria, Powiśle, Posen-West Prussia, sometimes also Starostwo of Draheim, Lauenburg and Bütow Land and easternmost Hither Pomerania (Lands of Schlawe and Stolp)
Zaolzie
After 1945, the former eastern territories of Germany were called Recovered Territories, while the term Kresy Zachodnie fell into disuse, though it was sometimes invoked to denote Polish claims to some East German territories such as Wolgast Pomerania, Milsko, Miśnia or Lausitz, raised typically only until early 1970s as counterclaims to retaliate for West German calls for revision of Oder–Neisse line.
Demarcation lines
Greater Poland military demarcation line (1919-1920)
Cieszyn Silesia demarcation line (1918-1920)
Polish–Lithuanian demarcation line (1919-1920)
Curzon Line (1920)
Upper Silesia demarcation line (1921-1922)
Polish–Lithuanian demarcation line (1923-1938)
Oder–Neisse line (1945–1951)
Adjacent countries
Territorial evolution of Germany
Territorial changes of the Baltic states
Territorial evolution of Russia
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The Oder–Neisse linePoland's old and new borders, 1945
At the end of World War II, Poland underwent major changes to the location of its international border. In 1945, after the defeat of Nazi Germany, the Oder–Neisse line became its western border,[1] resulting in gaining the Recovered Territories from Germany. The Curzon Line became its eastern border, resulting in the loss of the Eastern Borderlands to the Soviet Union.[2]
^Eberhardt, Piotr (2015). "The Oder-Neisse Line as Poland's western border: As postulated and made a reality". Geographia Polonica. 88 (1): 77–105. doi:10.7163/GPol.0007.
^Eberhardt, Piotr (2012). "The Curzon line as the eastern boundary of Poland. The origins and the political background". Geographia Polonica. 85 (1): 5–21. doi:10.7163/GPol.2012.1.1.
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