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Almost every country in the world participated in World War II. Most were neutral at the beginning, but only a relative few nations remained neutral to the end. The Second World War pitted two alliances against each other, the Axis powers and the Allied powers. It is estimated that 74 million people died, with estimates ranging from 40 million to 90 million dead (including Holocaust causalities).[1] The leading Axis powers were Nazi Germany, the Empire of Japan and the Kingdom of Italy; while the British Empire, the United States, the Soviet Union and China were the "Big Four" Allied powers.[2]
The countries involved in or affected by World War II are listed alphabetically, with a description of their role in the conflict:
^Bartiromo, Maria; Freeman, James (27 October 2020). The Cost: Trump, China, and American Revival. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 9781982164003.
^Sainsbury, Keith (1986). The Turning Point: Roosevelt, Stalin, Churchill, and Chiang Kai-Shek, 1943: The Moscow, Cairo, and Teheran Conferences. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
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