The tawny eagle (Aquila rapax) is a large bird of prey. Like all eagles, it belongs to the family Accipitridae. Its heavily feathered legs mark it as a member of the subfamily Aquilinae, also known as booted eagles.[3] Tawny eagles have an extensive but discontinuous breeding range that constitutes much of the African continent as well as the Indian subcontinent, with rare residency in the southern Middle East.[4] Throughout its range, it favours open dry habitats such as semideserts, deserts steppes, or savanna plains. Despite its preference for arid areas, the species seldom occurs in areas where trees are entirely absent.[5] It is a resident breeder which lays one to three eggs in a stick nest most commonly in the crown of a tree.[6] The tawny eagle is perhaps the most highly opportunistic of all Aquilinae, and often scavenges on carrion or engages in kleptoparasitism towards other carnivorous animals but is also a bold and active predator, often of relatively large and diverse prey.[7] It is estimated that tawny eagles can reach the age of 16 years old.[8] Nonetheless, precipitous declines have been detected throughout the tawny eagle's range. Numerous factors, particularly loss of nesting habitat due to logging and global warming, as well as persecution (largely via poisoning) and other anthropogenic mortality (largely through contact with various manmade objects) are driving the once numerous tawny eagle perhaps to the brink of extinction.[1][8][9]
^ abBirdLife International (2018). "Aquila rapax". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22696033A131671001. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22696033A131671001.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
^Gill F, D Donsker & P Rasmussen (Eds). 2020. IOC World Bird List (v10.2). doi : 10.14344/IOC.ML.10.2.
^Helbig, A. J., Kocum, A., Seibold, I., & Braun, M. J. (2005). A multi-gene phylogeny of aquiline eagles (Aves: Accipitriformes) reveals extensive paraphyly at the genus level. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 35(1), 147-164.
^Ferguson-Lees, J.; Christie, D. (2001). Raptors of the World. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. ISBN 0-618-12762-3.
^Hustler, K., & Howells, W. W. (1989). Habitat preference, breeding success and the effect of primary productivity on Tawny Eagles Aquila rapax in the tropics. Ibis, 131(1), 33-40.
^Naoroji, R., & Schmitt, N. J. (2007). Birds of prey of the Indian subcontinent. Om Books International.
^Brown, Leslie and Amadon, Dean (1986) Eagles, Hawks and Falcons of the World. The Wellfleet Press. ISBN 978-1555214722.
^ abWichmann, M.; Dean, W.; Jeltsch, F. (2004). "Global change challenges the Tawny Eagle (Aquila rapax): Modelling extinction risk with respect to predicted climate and land-use changes". Ostrich. 75 (4): 204–210. doi:10.2989/00306520409485446. S2CID 85057659.
^Ogada, D. L. (2014). The power of poison: pesticide poisoning of Africa's wildlife. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1322(1), 1-20.
The tawnyeagle (Aquila rapax) is a large bird of prey. Like all eagles, it belongs to the family Accipitridae. Its heavily feathered legs mark it as...
Aquilinae, also known as the "booted eagles". This species was once considered to be closely related to the sedentary tawnyeagle (Aquila rapax) and the two forms...
bateleurs displaced tawnyeagles, giving illustration to the tawnyeagles dominance. Frequently, the bateleur waits until the tawnyeagle is done eating before...
the martial eagles and some eaten by bateleurs and tawnyeagles are probably scavenged). It was found that the bateleur and tawnyeagle are even broader...
Aquila species, the eastern imperial, the Spanish imperial, the tawny and the steppe eagles, are now thought to be separate, close-knit clade, which attained...
The tawny owl (Strix aluco), also called the brown owl, is commonly found in woodlands across Europe to western Siberia, and has seven recognized subspecies...
confirmation. This eagle's wingspan is quite short for the bird's size, being around the same mean width as that of a tawnyeagle (Aquila rapax) or a...
commonly seen in the sanctuary are harriers, eastern imperial eagle, tawnyeagle, short-toed eagle, sparrow, and little green bee-eaters, black ibis and demoiselle...
000 to 100,000. Few other eagle species are as numerous, though some species like tawnyeagle, wedge-tailed eagle and bald eagle have total estimated populations...
the imperial eagle is part of a subgroup with other moderately sized Aquila such as the steppe eagle (Aquila nipalensis) and the tawnyeagle (Aquila rapax)...
both migratory and resident birds, including short-toed eagle, tawnyeagle, spotted eagle, laggar falcon, kestrel, sand grouse and great Indian bustard...
infrequently used, from tawnyeagle to gymnogene nests, and are frequently perceptibly bulkier than those built by snake eagles themselves. A single egg...
Tawny Newsome (born February 24, 1983) is an American musician, comedian, and actress best known for playing Chelsea Leight-Leigh on Bajillion Dollar...
barred quills—from pale or intermediate morphs of the similarly sized tawnyeagle (Aquila rapax), which is usually less darkly backed without a defused...
are a subfamily of eagles of the family Accipitridae. The general common name used for members of this subfamily is "booted eagle", although this is also...
Tree with fruits Unripe fruits on the tree Unripe fruits Ripe fruits Tawnyeagle perched on tree It can be found in arid regions in North Africa, the...
birds that includes most of the diurnal birds of prey, including hawks, eagles, vultures, and kites, but not falcons. For a long time, the majority view...
eagle (A. heliaca), the Spanish imperial eagle (A. adaberti), the tawnyeagle (A. rapax) and the steppe eagles (A. nipalensis), are now thought to be separate...
giant-wrath does the serpent writhe; O'er the waves he twists, and the tawnyeagle Gnaws corpses screaming; Naglfar is loose. O'er the sea from the north...
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