TIP39 information

PTH2
Identifiers
Aliases	PTH2, TIP39, parathyroid hormone 2
External IDs	OMIM: 608386; MGI: 2152297; HomoloGene: 14235; GeneCards: PTH2; OMA:PTH2 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 19 (human)
End	49,423,441 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 7 (mouse)
End	44,831,262 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	secondary oocyte; ; rhombencephalon; ; metencephalon; ; cerebellum; ; cerebellar cortex; ; cerebellar hemisphere; ; gonad; ; right hemisphere of cerebellum; ; sensory nervous system; ; occipital lobe;
	Top expressed in
	olfactory epithelium; ; seminiferous tubule; ; embryo; ; tibiofemoral joint; ; spermatid; ; neural layer of retina; ; lumbar spinal ganglion; ; olfactory bulb; ; spermatocyte; ; artery;
	More reference expression data
	n/a
Orthologs
	113091
	114640
	ENSG00000142538
	ENSMUSG00000038300
	Q96A98
	Q91W27
	NM_178449
	NM_053256
	NP_848544
	NP_444486
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Tuberoinfundibular peptide of 39 residues is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PTH2 gene.^[5]^[6]

TIP39 is related to parathyroid hormone (PTH; MIM 168450) and PTH-related protein (PTHRP; MIM 168470) and is a ligand for PTH receptor-2 (PTHR2; MIM 601469) (John et al., 2002).[supplied by OMIM]^[6]

The molecular interaction of TIP39 with the PTH2 receptor has been characterized in full 3D molecular detail, identifying among other residues, Tyr-318 in transmembrane helix 5 as a key residue for high affinity binding ^[7]

Expression of TIP39 has been linked to social interaction in both zebrafish ^[8] and rats.^[9] In these species, mutations of TIP39 or its receptor lead to abnormal social behavior.^[10]^[11]

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000142538 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000038300 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ John MR, Arai M, Rubin DA, Jonsson KB, Juppner H (Feb 2002). "Identification and characterization of the murine and human gene encoding the tuberoinfundibular peptide of 39 residues". Endocrinology. 143 (3): 1047–57. doi:10.1210/endo.143.3.8698. PMID 11861531.
^ ^a ^b "Entrez Gene: TIP39 tuberoinfundibular 39 residue protein precursor".
^ Weaver RE, Mobarec JC, Wigglesworth MJ, Reynolds CA, Donnelly D (2017). "High affinity binding of the peptide agonist TIP-39 to the Parathyroid hormone 2 (PTH2) receptor requires the hydroxyl group of Tyr-318 on transmembrane helix 5". Biochemical Pharmacology. 127: 71–81. doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2016.12.013. PMC 5303546. PMID 28012961.
^ Anneser L, Alcantara I, Gemmer A, Mirkes K, Ryu S, Schuman EM (2020). "The neuropeptide Pth2 dynamically senses others via mechanosensation". Nature. 588 (7839): 653–657. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2988-z. hdl:10871/123941. PMID 33268890.
^ Keller D, Láng T, Cservenák M, Puska G, Barna J, Csillag V, Farkas I, Zelena D, Dóra F, Küppers S, Barteczko L, Usdin TB, Palkovits M, Hasan MT, Grinevich V, Dobolyi A (2022). "A thalamo-preoptic pathway promotes social grooming in rodents". Current Biology. 32 (21): 4593–4606. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2022.08.062. PMID 36113471.
^ Anneser L, Gemmer A, Eilers T, Alcantara I, Loos AY, Ryu S, Schuman EM (2022). "The neuropeptide Pth2 modulates social behavior and anxiety in zebrafish". iScience. 25 (3): 103868. doi:10.1016/j.isci.2022.103868. PMC 8861652. PMID 35243231.
^ Gellén B, Zelena D, Usdin TB, Dobolyi A (2017). "The parathyroid hormone 2 receptor participates in physiological and behavioral alterations of mother mice". Physiology and Behavior. 181: 51–58. doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.09.005. PMID 28890271. S2CID 40314841.

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000142538 – Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000038300 – Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid11861531-5] John MR, Arai M, Rubin DA, Jonsson KB, Juppner H (Feb 2002). "Identification and characterization of the murine and human gene encoding the tuberoinfundibular peptide of 39 residues". Endocrinology. 143 (3): 1047–57. doi:10.1210/endo.143.3.8698. PMID 11861531.

[entrez-6] "Entrez Gene: TIP39 tuberoinfundibular 39 residue protein precursor".

[7] Weaver RE, Mobarec JC, Wigglesworth MJ, Reynolds CA, Donnelly D (2017). "High affinity binding of the peptide agonist TIP-39 to the Parathyroid hormone 2 (PTH2) receptor requires the hydroxyl group of Tyr-318 on transmembrane helix 5". Biochemical Pharmacology. 127: 71–81. doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2016.12.013. PMC 5303546. PMID 28012961.

[8] Anneser L, Alcantara I, Gemmer A, Mirkes K, Ryu S, Schuman EM (2020). "The neuropeptide Pth2 dynamically senses others via mechanosensation". Nature. 588 (7839): 653–657. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2988-z. hdl:10871/123941. PMID 33268890.

[9] Keller D, Láng T, Cservenák M, Puska G, Barna J, Csillag V, Farkas I, Zelena D, Dóra F, Küppers S, Barteczko L, Usdin TB, Palkovits M, Hasan MT, Grinevich V, Dobolyi A (2022). "A thalamo-preoptic pathway promotes social grooming in rodents". Current Biology. 32 (21): 4593–4606. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2022.08.062. PMID 36113471.

[10] Anneser L, Gemmer A, Eilers T, Alcantara I, Loos AY, Ryu S, Schuman EM (2022). "The neuropeptide Pth2 modulates social behavior and anxiety in zebrafish". iScience. 25 (3): 103868. doi:10.1016/j.isci.2022.103868. PMC 8861652. PMID 35243231.

[11] Gellén B, Zelena D, Usdin TB, Dobolyi A (2017). "The parathyroid hormone 2 receptor participates in physiological and behavioral alterations of mother mice". Physiology and Behavior. 181: 51–58. doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.09.005. PMID 28890271. S2CID 40314841.

TIP39 information

and 7 Related for: TIP39 information

TIP39

Tuftelin

Niels Destadsbader

Parathyroid hormone 2 receptor

Chromosome 19

TFIP11

Homeobox protein SIX1