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Table of consonants (1928)Table of vowels (1928)
The Swedish Dialect Alphabet (Swedish: Landsmålsalfabetet) is a phonetic alphabet created in 1878 by Johan August Lundell and used for the narrow transcription of Swedish dialects. The initial version of the alphabet consisted of 89 letters, 42 of which came from the phonetic alphabet proposed by Carl Jakob Sundevall.[1] It has since grown to over 200 letters.[2] The alphabet supplemented Latin letters with symbols adapted from a range of alphabets, including modified forms of þ and ð from Germanic alphabets, γ and φ from the Greek alphabet and ы from the Cyrillic alphabet, and extended with systematic decorations.[1] There are also a number of diacritics representing prosodic features.[2]
The alphabet has been used extensively for the description of Swedish dialects in both Sweden and Finland.[2] It was also the source of many of the symbols used by the Swedish sinologist Bernhard Karlgren in his reconstruction of Middle Chinese.[3]
Three of the additional letters—ⱸ, ⱹ and ⱺ—were included in version 5.1.0 of Unicode (U+2C78 to U+2C7A) for use in a dictionary of Swedish dialects spoken in Finland.[2] A proposal to encode a further 106 characters was made in 2008.[4] As of 2019[update], this proposal is partially implemented, with some proposed allocations already in use by other characters.[5][6][7]
^ abLundell, J. A. (1928). "The Swedish dialect alphabet". Studia Neophilologica. 1 (1): 1–17. doi:10.1080/00393272808586721.
^ abcdLeinonen, Therese; Ruppel, Klaas; Kolehmainen, Erkki I.; Sandström, Caroline (2006). "Proposal to encode characters for Ordbok över Finlands svenska folkmål in the UCS" (PDF). Retrieved 31 Oct 2015.
^Branner, David Prager (2006). "Appendix II: Comparative transcriptions of rime table phonology". In Branner, David Prager (ed.). The Chinese Rime Tables: Linguistic Philosophy and Historical-Comparative Phonology. Current Issues in Linguistic Theory. Vol. 271. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. pp. 265–302. ISBN 978-90-272-4785-8.
^Michael Everson (2008-11-27). "Exploratory proposal to encode Germanicist, Nordicist, and other phonetic characters in the UCS" (PDF). ISO/IEC JTC1/SC2/WG2. Retrieved 2013-02-16.
^Unicode Consortium. "Combining Diacritical Marks Supplement" (PDF). Retrieved 2019-05-06.
The SwedishDialectAlphabet (Swedish: Landsmålsalfabetet) is a phonetic alphabet created in 1878 by Johan August Lundell and used for the narrow transcription...
transcription delimiters. The Swedishalphabet (Swedish: Svenska alfabetet) is a basic element of the Latin writing system used for the Swedish language. The 29 letters...
ḛ Ę ę Ę́ ę́ Ę̃ ę̃ Ȩ ȩ E̩ e̩ ᶒ ⱸ : E with notch is used in the SwedishDialectAlphabet Æ æ : Latin AE ligature Œ œ : Latin OE ligature The umlaut diacritic...
dialect and accent of the speaker. Standard Swedish, spoken by most Swedes, is the national language that evolved from the Central Swedishdialects in...
in other dialects of Central Scandinavia). Loss of h: compare Elfdalian aus with Swedish hus (or English house) and Elfdalian imil with Swedish himmel....
rejected by Swedish authorities. Swedish linguists generally view Scanian as just one of many local or regional Swedish (or Scandinavian) dialects, some of...
spelling alphabet voice recording: ICAO spelling alphabet Problems playing this file? See media help. The (International) Radiotelephony Spelling Alphabet, commonly...
orthography is based on the Latin script, and uses an alphabet derived from the Swedishalphabet, officially comprising twenty-nine letters but also including...
specialized diacritics. The East Syriac dialect is usually written in the Maḏnḥāyā (ܡܲܕ݂ܢܚܵܝܵܐ, 'Eastern') form of the alphabet. Other names for the script include...
represented in the alphabet. By excluding it from the alphabet, speakers of schwa-dialects would more rapidly adapt to the standard dialect. On the other hand...
An alphabet is a standard set of letters written to represent particular sounds in a spoken language. Specifically, letters correspond to phonemes, the...
like other dialects, was originally written in a local variant of the Greek alphabet. According to the classification of archaic Greek alphabets, which was...
in Sweden called Runic Swedish and in Denmark Runic Danish, but until the 12th century, the dialect was the same in the two countries. The dialects are...
or w, is the twenty-third letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others...
Eastern Danish dialects there have come under heavy Swedish influence. Many residents now speak regional variants of Standard Swedish. However, many researchers...
the north-Bornholm dialect is called Allinge-svensk ("Allinge-Swedish") in Danish – Âlinga-svænsk in Bornholmsk. However, most Swedish immigrants hailed...
Nederkalix dialect (sometimes plainly Kalix dialect; endonym: kölismåle [kœɽɪsˈmɔːɽɛ]) is a traditional Norrland dialect of Swedish, spoken in the historical...
15th century. Swedishdialects were generally much more diverse in the past than they are today. Since the 20th century, Standard Swedish has prevailed...
reason for its existence in the Basque alphabet. It doesn't even represent syllable breaks in the other dialects, although it can stop the aforementioned...
the twenty-sixth and last letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others...
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