Medical condition caused by the combination of iron in the hemoglobin with sulfide compounds
Medical condition
Sulfhemoglobinemia
Specialty
Hematology
Symptoms
Cyanosis, urinary tract infection and chronic constipation
Complications
Hypoxemia, methemoglobinemia, and hypoxia
Duration
100-120 days (lifespan of red blood cells)
Causes
Sulfur medications such as phenacetin, metoclopramide, dapsone, phenzopyridine, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole; hydrogen-sulfide-producing intestinal bacteria, such as Morganella morganii
Risk factors
Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation
Prevention
Avoidance of sulfur-containing compounds including drugs
Treatment
Blood transfusions
Sulfhemoglobinemia is a rare condition in which there is excess sulfhemoglobin (SulfHb) in the blood. The pigment is a greenish derivative of hemoglobin which cannot be converted back to normal, functional hemoglobin. It causes cyanosis even at low blood levels.
It is a rare blood condition in which the β-pyrrole ring of the hemoglobin molecule has the ability to bind irreversibly to any substance containing a sulfur atom.[1][2] When hydrogen sulfide (H2S) (or sulfide ions) and ferrous ions combine in the heme of hemoglobin, the blood is thus incapable of transporting oxygen to the tissues.
^Gharahbaghian, Laleh; Massoudian, Bobby; DiMassa, Giancarlo (August 2009). "Methemoglobinemia and Sulfhemoglobinemia in Two Pediatric Patients after Ingestion of Hydroxylamine Sulfate". Western Journal of Emergency Medicine. 10 (3): 197–201. ISSN 1936-900X. PMC 2729224. PMID 19718385.
^Curry, Steven (June 6, 2007). "14". In Shannon, Michael; Borron, Stephen; Burns, Michael (eds.). Haddad and Winchester's Clinical Management of Poisoning and Drug Overdose (4 ed.). Saunders. p. 289. doi:10.1016/B978-0-7216-0693-4.50019-0. ISBN 9780721606934. Archived from the original on July 28, 2021. Retrieved July 29, 2021.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
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