Assertion that the Son and the Holy Spirit are subordinate to God the Father in nature and being
The "Heavenly Trinity" joined to the "Earthly Trinity" through the Incarnation of the Son – The Heavenly and Earthly Trinities by Murillo (c. 1677)
Subordinationism is a Trinitarian doctrine wherein the Son (and sometimes also the Holy Spirit) is subordinate to the Father, not only in submission and role, but with actual ontological subordination to varying degrees.[1] It posits a hierarchical ranking of the persons of the Social Trinity, implying ontological subordination of the persons of the Son and the Holy Spirit.[2] It was condemned as heretical in the Second Council of Constantinople.[3][4]
It is not to be confused with Arianism, as Subordinationism has been generally viewed as closer to the Nicene-Constantinopolitan view. While Arianism was developed out of it, it did not confess the personality of the Holy Spirit and the eternity of the Son.[5][6]
^Papandrea, James Leonard (2012). Reading the Early Church Fathers: From the Didache to Nicaea. Paulist Press. ISBN 978-0-8091-4751-9.
^Giles, Kevin (2012-05-07). The Eternal Generation of the Son: Maintaining Orthodoxy in Trinitarian Theology. InterVarsity Press. ISBN 978-0-8308-3965-0.
^Jowers, Dennis W.; House, H. Wayne (2012-08-16). The New Evangelical Subordinationism?: Perspectives on the Equality of God the Father and God the Son. Wipf and Stock Publishers. ISBN 978-1-7252-4586-0.
^Cite error: The named reference Origen was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Beisner, E. Calvin (2004-02-10). God in Three Persons. Wipf and Stock Publishers. ISBN 978-1-59244-545-5.
^Ramelli, Ilaria L. E.; McGuckin, J. A.; Ashwin-Siejkowski, Piotr (2021-12-16). T&T Clark Handbook of the Early Church. Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 978-0-567-68039-6.
Subordinationism is a Trinitarian doctrine wherein the Son (and sometimes also the Holy Spirit) is subordinate to the Father, not only in submission and...
University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 120. ISBN 978-0-8122-0384-4. "Subordinationism | Christianity | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 2023-06-02...
include allegorical interpretation of scripture, pre-existence, and subordinationism. Origen's thought was influenced by Philo the Jew, Platonism and Clement...
early beliefs viewed Jesus as ontologically subordinate to the Father (Subordinationism), and others considered him an aspect of the Father rather than a separate...
pacifism Asceticism Ransom theory of atonement Free will Pre-existence Subordinationism Universalism Apocatastasis Allegorical interpretation of the Bible...
questions on issues such as: filioque, eternal functional subordination, subordinationism, eternal generation of the Son and social trinitarianism. The...
fathers held subordinationist views, Ilaria Ramelli discussed the "anti-subordinationism" of Origen. Both the Nicene and Athanasian creeds affirm the Son as...
Theology in In Illud: Tunc et ipse filius. His Polemic against Arian Subordinationism and the ἀποκατάστασις". Gregory of Nyssa: The Minor Treatises on Trinitarian...
theologian, East and West, accepted some form of subordinationism at least up to the year 355; subordinationism might indeed, until the denouement (end) of...
belief that the Son was a divine spirit of the same substance (called Subordinationism) or of a similar substance to that of God (called Semi-Arianism) to...
Retrieved 2021-10-16. Modalistic Monarchianism took exception to the "subordinationism" of some of the Church Fathers and maintained that the names Father...
pacifism Asceticism Ransom theory of atonement Free will Pre-existence Subordinationism Universalism Apocatastasis Allegorical interpretation of the Bible...
Rome for saying that Son is a work and creature of God. However, the Subordinationism of Origen is not identical to Arianism, and it has been generally viewed...
attributes and divinity to each person of the Trinity, thus avoiding subordinationism, the first half of the Athanasian Creed also stresses the unity of...
Latter-day Saints believe in a kind of social trinitarianism and subordinationism, meaning that the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost are understood...
Identification in Burkean rhetoric Jesus in Christianity Miaphysitism Subordinationism Trinity Collins English Dictionary: "consubstantial" Chamber's Twentieth...
Semi-Arian views contend that the weight of scriptural evidence supports Subordinationism, the Son's total submission to the Father, and God's paternal supremacy...
support of this view, they cite early Christian examples of belief in subordinationism. Unitarianism is a theological movement, named for its understanding...
(PDF). In Dennis W. Jowers; H. Wayne House (eds.). The New Evangelical Subordinationism? Perspectives on the Equality of God the Father and God the Son. pp...
of the temporal and voluntary generation of the Word, and for the subordinationism of Justin's theology. It must be recognized, moreover, that the latter...
Theology in In Illud: Tunc et ipse filius. His Polemic against Arian Subordinationism and the ἀποκατάστασις". Gregory of Nyssa: The Minor Treatises on Trinitarian...
Nicaea convened by Emperor Constantine the Great in 325. However, subordinationism was almost universally accepted by Christian theologians of that era...
alive, orthodox views on the Trinity had not yet been formulated and subordinationism was not yet considered heretical. In fact, virtually all orthodox theologians...
that "the theological use of the filioque in the West against Arian subordinationism is fully valid according to the theological criteria of the Eastern...
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