Robinson Creek in Boonville, California, had highly eroded stream banks prior to initiation of a stream restoration project.
Stream restoration or river restoration, also sometimes referred to as river reclamation, is work conducted to improve the environmental health of a river or stream, in support of biodiversity, recreation, flood management and/or landscape development.[1]
Stream restoration approaches can be divided into two broad categories: form-based restoration, which relies on physical interventions in a stream to improve its conditions; and process-based restoration, which advocates the restoration of hydrological and geomorphological processes (such as sediment transport or connectivity between the channel and the floodplain) to ensure a stream's resilience and ecological health.[2][3] Form-based restoration techniques include deflectors; cross-vanes; weirs, step-pools and other grade-control structures; engineered log jams; bank stabilization methods and other channel-reconfiguration efforts. These induce immediate change in a stream, but sometimes fail to achieve the desired effects if degradation originates at a wider scale. Process-based restoration includes restoring lateral or longitudinal connectivity of water and sediment fluxes and limiting interventions within a corridor defined based on the stream's hydrology and geomorphology. The beneficial effects of process-based restoration projects may sometimes take time to be felt since changes in the stream will occur at a pace that depends on the stream dynamics.[4]
Despite the significant number of stream-restoration projects worldwide, the effectiveness of stream restoration remains poorly quantified, partly due to insufficient monitoring.[5][6] However, in response to growing environmental awareness, stream-restoration requirements are increasingly adopted in legislation in different parts of the world.
^
"What is river restoration, and how to do it?". Utrecht, Netherlands: European Centre for River Restoration. Archived from the original on 2014-10-07. Retrieved 2014-09-19.
^Bernhardt, Emily S.; Palmer, Margaret A. (2011). "River restoration: the fuzzy logic of repairing reaches to reverse catchment scale degradation". Ecological Applications. 21 (6): 1926–1931. Bibcode:2011EcoAp..21.1926B. doi:10.1890/10-1574.1. PMID 21939034.
^Wohl, Ellen; Lane, Stuart N.; Wilcox, Andrew C. (2015). "The science and practice of river restoration". Water Resources Research. 51 (8): 5974–5997. Bibcode:2015WRR....51.5974W. doi:10.1002/2014WR016874.
^"Restoration Monitoring". Rockville, MD: Montgomery County Department of Environmental Protection (MCDEP). Retrieved 2017-10-10.
^Roni, Phil; Hanson, Karrie; Beechie, Tim (2008). "Global review of the physical and biological effectiveness of stream-habitat rehabilitation techniques". North American Journal of Fisheries Management. 28 (3): 856–890. Bibcode:2008NAJFM..28..856R. doi:10.1577/M06-169.1.
^Beechie, Timothy J.; Sear, David A.; Olden, Julian D.; Pess, George R.; Buffington, John M.; Moir, Hamish; Roni, Philip; Pollock, Michael M. (2010). "Process-based principles for restoring river ecosystems" (PDF). BioScience. 60 (3): 209–222. doi:10.1525/bio.2010.60.3.7. S2CID 2659531.
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A revetment in streamrestoration, river engineering or coastal engineering is a facing of impact-resistant material (such as stone, concrete, sandbags...
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woody debris Driftwood Log jam Streamrestoration Curran, Janet H. "Flow Resistance of Large Woody Debris in Headwater Streams of the Washington Cascades"...
(such as landslide prediction and mitigation), river control and streamrestoration, and coastal protection. Planetary geomorphology studies landforms...
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