This article contains phonetic transcriptions in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. For the distinction between [ ], / / and ⟨⟩, see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters.
Stokoe notation (/ˈstoʊki/) is the first[1] phonemic script used for sign languages. It was created by William Stokoe for American Sign Language (ASL), with Latin letters and numerals used for the shapes they have in fingerspelling, and iconic glyphs to transcribe the position, movement, and orientation of the hands. It was first published as the organizing principle of Sign Language Structure: An Outline of the Visual Communication Systems of the American Deaf (1960),[2] and later also used in A Dictionary of American Sign Language on Linguistic Principles, by Stokoe, Casterline, and Croneberg (1965).[3] In the 1965 dictionary, signs are themselves arranged alphabetically, according to their Stokoe transcription, rather than being ordered by their English glosses as in other sign-language dictionaries. This made it the only ASL dictionary where the reader could look up a sign without first knowing how to translate it into English. The Stokoe notation was later adapted to British Sign Language (BSL) in Kyle et al. (1985) and to Australian Aboriginal sign languages in Kendon (1988). In each case the researchers modified the alphabet to accommodate phonemes not found in ASL.
The Stokoe notation is mostly restricted to linguists and academics. The notation is arranged linearly on the page and can be written with a typewriter that has the proper font installed. Unlike SignWriting or the Hamburg Notation System, it is based on the Latin alphabet and is phonemic, being restricted to the symbols needed to meet the requirements of ASL (or extended to BSL, etc.) rather than accommodating all possible signs. For example, there is a single symbol for circling movement, regardless of whether the plane of the movement is horizontal or vertical.
^Kyle et al. 1985:88
^Stokoe, William C. 1960. Sign Language Structure: An Outline of the Visual Communication Systems of the American Deaf, Studies in linguistics: Occasional papers (No. 8). Buffalo: Dept. of Anthropology and Linguistics, University of Buffalo.
^Stokoe, William C.; Dorothy C. Casterline; Carl G. Croneberg. 1965. A dictionary of American sign languages on linguistic principles. Washington, D.C.: Gallaudet College Press
Stokoenotation (/ˈstoʊki/) is the first phonemic script used for sign languages. It was created by William Stokoe for American Sign Language (ASL), with...
"phonology" for signed languages. Stokoe invented a written notation for sign language (now called Stokoenotation) as ASL had no written form at the...
2020,[update] it is in its fourth revision. Though it has roots in Stokoenotation, HamNoSys does not identify with any specific national diversified...
for English RFE Phonetic Alphabet, (Revista de Filología Española) Stokoenotation to represent sign languages Uralic Phonetic Alphabet (UPA) Visible...
Stokoe (1892–1958), British organic chemist Stokoenotation This page lists people with the surname Stokoe. If an internal link intending to refer to a...
marginal among the public.: 154 In the 1960s, linguist William Stokoe created Stokoenotation specifically for ASL. It is alphabetic, with a letter or diacritic...
developed. Stokoenotation, devised by Dr. William Stokoe for his 1965 Dictionary of American Sign Language, is an abstract phonemic notation system. Designed...
and ASLwrite for sign languages Stokoenotation for American Sign Language, and its descendant, the Hamburg Notation System or HamNoSys Tengwar (a fictional...
not the first writing system for sign languages, being preceded by Stokoenotation; but it is the first to adequately represent facial expressions and...
crinkle. In total, there are 30 extramanual marks. Stokoenotation ASL-phabet ASLwrite Hamburg Notation System (HamNoSys) SignWriting Sign Language & Interpreting...
attempt to systematically represent and characterize ASL phonology, Stokoenotation creator William Strunk Jr. (Ph.D. 1896; professor) – author of The...
Abugida historically used to write the Mongolian language Stokoenotation 1960 William Stokoe Proposed featural system of writing sign languages Tangut...
phrase is " }_.U- " which means 'thank you' in ASL. si5s Stokoenotation ASL-phabet Hamburg Notation System (HamNoSys) SignWriting ASL Writing - Blog. Web...
contrastive. Stokoe's terminology and notation system are no longer used by researchers to describe the phonemes of sign languages; William Stokoe's research...
(1999:27) Trask (2007:214) International Phonetic Association (1999:4) Stokoe, William C. (1960). Sign Language Structure: An Outline of the Visual Communication...
body parts are placed as they carry out the action performed. The Stokoenotation, a phonemic script used for writing down sign languages, was adapted...
He analyzed signs as morphologically complex that others such as William Stokoe would analyze as monomorphemic, and many of his findings were later rediscovered...
pupil Robert Bewick, so the attribution is very credible. In 1881, John Stokoe, one of the editors of the Northumbrian Minstrelsy, referred to some of...
transcribed using English glosses, LOVE is written using the notation system developed by William Stokoe in describing the linguistic features of American Sign...
1093/acrefore/9780199384655.013.117. ISBN 9780199384655. S2CID 60752232. Stokoe, William C. (1978) [1960]. Sign Language Structure: An outline of the visual...
in that it allows for varying levels of detail. Some notation systems such as KOMVA and the Stokoe system were designed for use in dictionaries; they also...
Vickers and in the first revival by John Bell, Bruce. J. Collingwood and John Stokoe. The short-lived Northumbrian Small Pipes Society was founded in Newcastle...
Global Information
