Stilbite information

Stilbite
Stilbite
General
Category	Tectosilicate, Zeolite
Formula; (repeating unit)	Stilbite-Ca: NaCa4(Si27Al9)O72·28(H2O); Stilbite-Na: Na9(Si27Al9)O72·28(H2O)
IMA symbol	Stb
Strunz classification	9.GE.10 (10 ed) ; 8/J.23-30 (8 ed)
Dana classification	77.1.4.3
Crystal system	Monoclinic, ; also triclinic and orthorhombic
Crystal class	Prismatic (2/m) ; (same H-M symbol)
Space group	C2/m (monoclinic) ; Amma (orthorhombic)
Identification
Formula mass	Stilbite-Ca: 2,840 g/mol ; Stilbite-Na: 2,864 g/mol
Color	Usually colorless, white or pink
Crystal habit	Thin tabular, aggregates sheaf-like or in bow-ties, also fibrous and globular.
Twinning	Very common on {001}
Cleavage	Perfect on {010}
Fracture	Conchoidal or uneven
Tenacity	Brittle
Mohs scale hardness	3+1⁄2 to 4
Luster	Vitreous, pearly on {010}
Streak	White
Diaphaneity	Transparent to translucent
Specific gravity	2.12 to 2.22
Optical properties	Biaxial (−)
Refractive index	Nx = 1.479 to 1.492, Ny = 1.485 to 1.500, Nz = 1.489 to 1.505 Nx = 1.484 to 1.500, Ny = 1.492 to 1.507, Nz = 1.494 to 1.513
Fusibility	Easily fused by blowpipe (~1050 °C) to produce a white "enamel"
Solubility	Decomposes in HCl
References

Stilbite is the name of a series of tectosilicate minerals of the zeolite group. Prior to 1997, stilbite was recognized as a mineral species, but a reclassification in 1997 by the International Mineralogical Association changed it to a series name, with the mineral species being named:

Stilbite-Ca
Stilbite-Na

Stilbite-Ca, by far the more common of the two, is a hydrous calcium sodium and aluminium silicate, NaCa₄(Si₂₇Al₉)O₇₂·28(H₂O). In the case of stilbite-Na, sodium dominates over calcium. The species are visually indistinguishable, and the series name stilbite is still used whenever testing has not been performed.

^ Warr, L.N. (2021). "IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols". Mineralogical Magazine. 85 (3): 291–320. Bibcode:2021MinM...85..291W. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43. S2CID 235729616.
^ Rudy W. Tschernich (1992) Zeolites of the World. Geoscience Press
^ ^a ^b "Stilbite-Ca Mineral Data".
^ ^a ^b http://www.mindat.org/min-7313.html stilbite-Ca
^ ^a ^b "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2020-03-29. Retrieved 2010-07-29.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
^ ^a ^b Klein, Cornelis and Cornelius S. Hurlbut, 1985, Manual of Mineralogy, Wiley, pp. 465–466 ISBN 0-471-80580-7
^ Gaines et al (1997) Dana’s New Mineralogy Eighth Edition. Wiley
^ http://www.mindat.org/min-7314.html stilbite-Na
^ "Stilbite-Na Mineral Data".
^ Slaughter, M. (1970). "Crystal structure of stilbite". American Mineralogist. 55: 387–397. Retrieved 30 December 2020.
^ Cruciani, Giuseppe; Artioli, Gilberto; Gualtieri, Alessandro; Stahl, Kenny; Hanson, Jonathan C. (1 August 1997). "Dehydration dynamics of stilbite using synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction". American Mineralogist. 82 (7–8): 729–739. Bibcode:1997AmMin..82..729C. doi:10.2138/am-1997-7-810. S2CID 99122598.

[1] Warr, L.N. (2021). "IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols". Mineralogical Magazine. 85 (3): 291–320. Bibcode:2021MinM...85..291W. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43. S2CID 235729616.

[ZW-2] Rudy W. Tschernich (1992) Zeolites of the World. Geoscience Press

[WebminCa-3] "Stilbite-Ca Mineral Data".

[MindatCa-4] ttp://www.mindat.org/min-7313.html stilbite-Ca

[HOM-5] "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2020-03-29. Retrieved 2010-07-29.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)

[Klein-6] Klein, Cornelis and Cornelius S. Hurlbut, 1985, Manual of Mineralogy, Wiley, pp. 465–466 ISBN 0-471-80580-7

[Dana-7] Gaines et al (1997) Dana’s New Mineralogy Eighth Edition. Wiley

[MindatNa-8] ttp://www.mindat.org/min-7314.html stilbite-Na

[WebminNa-9] "Stilbite-Na Mineral Data".

[10] Slaughter, M. (1970). "Crystal structure of stilbite". American Mineralogist. 55: 387–397. Retrieved 30 December 2020.

[11] Cruciani, Giuseppe; Artioli, Gilberto; Gualtieri, Alessandro; Stahl, Kenny; Hanson, Jonathan C. (1 August 1997). "Dehydration dynamics of stilbite using synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction". American Mineralogist. 82 (7–8): 729–739. Bibcode:1997AmMin..82..729C. doi:10.2138/am-1997-7-810. S2CID 99122598.

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