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Stephanorhinus information


Stephanorhinus
Temporal range: Late Pliocene to Late Pleistocene 3.4–0.04 Ma
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Stephanorhinus etruscus skeleton
Stephanorhinus hundsheimensis skeleton
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Perissodactyla
Family: Rhinocerotidae
Tribe: Dicerorhinini
Genus: Stephanorhinus
Kretzoi, 1942
Type species
Rhinoceros etruscus
Falconer, 1868
Species
  • S. etruscus
    (Falconer, 1868) Etruscan rhinoceros
  • S. hemitoechus
    (Falconer, 1859) Narrow-nosed rhinoceros
  • S. hundsheimensis
    (Toula, 1902) Hundsheim rhinoceros
  • S. jeanvireti
    (Falconer, 1859)
  • S. kirchbergensis
    (Jäger, 1839) Merck's rhinoceros
  • S. lantianensis
    (Hu and Qi, 1978)
  • S. yunchuchenensis
    (Chow, 1963)

Stephanorhinus is an extinct genus of two-horned rhinoceros native to Eurasia and North Africa that lived during the Late Pliocene to Late Pleistocene. Species of Stephanorhinus were the predominant and often only species of rhinoceros in much of temperate Eurasia, especially Europe, for most of the Pleistocene. The last two species of Stephanorhinus – Merck's rhinoceros (S. kirchbergensis) and the narrow-nosed rhinoceros (S. hemitoechus) – went extinct during the last glacial period.

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Stephanorhinus

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Miklós Kretzoi in 1942. Genomes obtained from Stephanorhinus kirchbergensis suggests that Stephanorhinus is more closely related to Dicerorhinus (which...

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Stephanorhinus kirchbergensis

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Stephanorhinus kirchbergensis, also known as Merck's rhinoceros or the forest rhinoceros, is an extinct species of rhinoceros belonging to the genus Stephanorhinus...

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Rhinoceros

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and two species of Stephanorhinus, Merck's rhinoceros (Stephanorhinus kirchbergensis) and the Narrow-nosed rhinoceros (Stephanorhinus hemitoechus). The...

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Woolly rhinoceros

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rhinoceros, and the genus is also closely related to the extinct genus Stephanorhinus. A cladogram showing the relationships of C. antiquitatis to other Late...

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Coelodonta

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Coelodonta, with Coelodonta also being closely related to the extinct genus Stephanorhinus. Cladogram of living and subfossil rhinoceros species based on nuclear...

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Pliorhinus

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included in a wide variety of rhinoceros genera, including Dihoplus and Stephanorhinus. P. megarhinus (de Christol, 1834) known from the Late Miocene-Pliocene...

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Dicerorhinus

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several authors over the years have removed many species: Transferred to Stephanorhinus Dicerorhinus merckii Dicerorhinus hemitoechus Dicerorhinus etruscus...

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Nesorhinus

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Stephanorhinus hemitoechus (Narrow-nosed or steppe rhinoceros) Stephanorhinus kirchbergensis (Merck's or forest rhinoceros)...

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Sumatran rhinoceros

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and China from the Pleistocene, with two species, Stephanorhinus kirchbergensis and the Stephanorhinus hemitoechus surviving into the last glacial period...

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Coelodonta thibetana

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Stephanorhinus etruscus Stephanorhinus hundsheimensis...

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Barbary macaques in Gibraltar

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hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibius) and narrow-nosed rhinoceros (Stephanorhinus hemitoechus) The Gibraltar Barbary macaques are considered by many to...

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Dihoplus

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Sumatran rhinoceros). Sometimes these species are placed in the related Stephanorhinus. The genus is now generally considered distinct, though there is still...

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Black rhinoceros

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relationships of recent and Late Pleistocene rhinoceros species (minus Stephanorhinus hemitoechus) based on whole nuclear genomes, after Liu et al., 2021:...

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Indian rhinoceros

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relationships of recent and Late Pleistocene rhinoceros species (minus Stephanorhinus hemitoechus) based on whole nuclear genomes, after Liu et al., 2021:...

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Late Pleistocene extinctions

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(Coelodonta antiquitatis) Stephanorhinus spp. Merck's rhinoceros (Stephanorhinus kirchbergensis) Narrow-nosed rhinoceros (Stephanorhinus hemiotoechus) Carnivora...

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Homo antecessor

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acoronatus, the extinct bison Bison voigstedtensi, the extinct rhino Stephanorhinus etruscus, the extinct horse Equus stenonis, the extinct fox Vulpes praeglacialis...

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Dmanisi hominins

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Ursus etruscus (the Etruscan bear), Equus stenonis (the Stenon zebra), Stephanorhinus etruscus (the Etruscan rhinoceros), Pachystruthio dmanisensis (the giant...

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Petralona Cave

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ass) Equus stenonis petraloniensis Tsoukala Stephanorhinus hundsheimensis Toula (a species of Stephanorhinus – rhinoceros) Sus scrofa ssp.(wild boar) Dama...

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Pterocles bosporanus

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Leptobos, Gazellospira and Pontoceros), rhinocerotids (Elasmotherium and Stephanorhinus), a camel (Paracamelus), the southern mammoth, a deer (Avernoceros)...

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Bubalus murrensis

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straight-tusked elephant (Palaeoloxodon antiquus), Merck's rhinoceros (Stephanorhinus kirchbergensis), fallow deer (Dama dama), aurochs (Bos primigenius)...

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Ceprano Man

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Acheulean artifacts and faunal remains, such as Palaeoloxodon antiquus, Stephanorhinus hemitoecus, Hippopotamus sp., Megaceroides verticornis, Dama clactoniana...

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National Geographic Prehistoric Mammals

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Simosthenurus Sinopa Smilodon fatalis Smilodon gracilis Smilodon populator Stephanorhinus hemitoechus Sthenurus Stylinodon (identified as a Taeniodont) Sus scrofa...

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Ksar Akil

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Hooijer showed Capra and Dama were dominant in the fauna along with Stephanorhinus in later Levalloiso-Mousterian levels. It is assumed to be one of the...

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European land mammal age

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Montopoli Early Villafranchian Mammuthus gromovi, Equus lioenzwensi, Stephanorhinus etruscus Costa S. Giacomo Middle Villafranchian Canis, Sus strozzi,...

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The Neanderthals Rediscovered

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that Neanderthal population decline was contemporaneous with that of Stephanorhinus kirchbergensis and the straight-tusked elephant, which they consider...

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