The principal window of the Temple of Maipú, depicting the Virgin Mary and Christ Child, by Adolfo Winternitz
Stained glass was first imported to Latin America during the 17th-18th century by Portuguese and Spanish settlers.[1] For some countries, however, stained glass was imported much later.
For Chile, stained glass was imported in 1875, coinciding with the campaign to build an image of the new Chilean nation following independence.[2] To bolster this national identity and this new preference for everything European, stained-glass windows imported from Europe followed the image program dictated by Rome and the Roman Catholic Church. They showed images of the Immaculate Conception, the Sacred Heart, and the religious congregation that settled in Latin America centuries prior.[2] This campaign also meant that Chile opened themselves up to commerce with other countries as well as immigration from certain European countries through the implementation of state policies. This new influx of people created a complex society made up of skilled laborers, including stained glass artists.
By the 20th century, many European artists had begun to establish their own studios within Latin America and had started up local production.[1] With these new local studios came inventive techniques and less traditional imagery. For example, in Ecuador, a group of contemporary artists developed stained-glass art and mixed it with glass fusing and mosaic to create something entirely unique.
While some stained glass was made locally, most stained glass was still being imported from Europe. One way that European studios distributed their work to Latin America was through international exhibitions.[2] These international exhibitions influenced the global style and consumption of stained glass in an enormous way by expanding it from a solely religious art form into a more secular context.[3] As of today, there are approximately 250 monuments with stained glass windows that hold historical, artistic, and cultural significance.[1]
^ abcM. Corrêa Pinto, Amanda; Macedo, Maria Filomena; G. Vilarigues, Márcia (November 2018). "The conservation of stained-glass windows in Latin America: A literature overview". Journal of Cultural Heritage. 34: 172–185. doi:10.1016/j.culher.2018.04.019.
^ abcAraos, Andrea. "The Stained Glass of Latin America: the first fruits of research on Chile | Vidimus". Retrieved 2023-03-10.
^Allen, Jasmine (2018). Windows for the world : Nineteenth-century stained glass and the international exhibitions, 1851-1900 (1st ed.). Manchester University Press. ISBN 1-5261-1473-9. OCLC 1170273686.
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