Genus of mammals belonging to the capuchin and squirrel monkey family of primates
Squirrel monkeys[1]
Temporal range: Miocene (Laventan to recent 13.8–0 Ma
PreꞒ
Ꞓ
O
S
D
C
P
T
J
K
Pg
N
Common squirrel monkey
Scientific classification
Domain:
Eukaryota
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Chordata
Class:
Mammalia
Order:
Primates
Suborder:
Haplorhini
Infraorder:
Simiiformes
Family:
Cebidae
Subfamily:
Saimiriinae Miller, 1912 (1900)
Genus:
Saimiri Voigt, 1831
Type species
Simia sciurea
Linnaeus, 1758
Species
Saimiri boliviensis
Saimiri cassiquiarensis
Saimiri collinsi
Saimiri oerstedii
Saimiri sciureus
Saimiri ustus
Saimiri vanzolinii
† Saimiri annectens
† Saimiri fieldsi
Synonyms
LaventianaRosenberger, 1991[2]
NeosaimiriStirton, 1951[2]
Squirrel monkey in Yacuma Park, Bolivia
Squirrel monkeys are New World monkeys of the genus Saimiri. Saimiri is the only genus in the subfamily Saimirinae. The name of the genus is of Tupi origin (sai-mirím or çai-mbirín, with sai meaning 'monkey' and mirím meaning 'small')[3] and was also used as an English name by early researchers.[4][5]
Squirrel monkeys live in the tropical forests of Central and South America in the canopy layer. Most species have parapatric or allopatric ranges in the Amazon, while S. oerstedii is found disjunctly in Costa Rica and Panama.
There are two main groups of squirrel monkeys recognized. They are differentiated based on the shape of the white coloration above the eyes. In total there are 5 recognized species.[6][7] Squirrel monkeys have short and close fur colored black at the shoulders, green or purple fur along the back and extremities, and white on the face.[8]
Squirrel monkeys have determined breeding seasons which involve large fluctuations in hormones and there is evidence of sexual dimorphism between males and females.[9]
Squirrel monkeys can only sweat through the palms of their hands and feet. This can have the effect of making their hands and feet feel damp to the touch. Squirrel monkeys must make use of other thermoregulation techniques such as behavioral changes and urine washing. [10] These monkeys live in habitats of high temperatures and high humidity, making it essential for them to maintain proper osmoregulation if conditions pass certain thresholds.[11] Color vision studies have also been performed on squirrel monkeys for the purpose of better understanding vision ailments in humans.[12]
The common squirrel monkey is commonly captured for the pet trade and for medical research,[13] but it is not threatened. Two squirrel monkey species are endangered: the Central American squirrel monkey and the black squirrel monkey are listed as vulnerable by the IUCN.[6][14]
^Groves, C. P. (2005). Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 138–139. ISBN 0-801-88221-4. OCLC 62265494.
^ abSaimiri – Paleobiology Database
^Simpson, George Gaylord (1941). "Vernacular Names of South American Mammals". Journal of Mammalogy. 22 (1): 1–17. doi:10.2307/1374677. JSTOR 1374677.
^Palmer, T. S. (1897). "Notes on the Nomenclature of Four Genera of Tropical American Mammals". Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 11: 173–174.
^Leclerc, Georges-Louis, Comte de Buffon (1797). "The Saimiri." In: Barr's Buffon. Buffon's Natural History. pp. 251–252. London: J. S. Barr.
^ abBoubli, J.-P. & Rylands, A.B. (2008). "Saimiri vanzolinii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008: e.T19839A9023022. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T19839A9023022.en.
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^Cite error: The named reference Neitz was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Rhines, C. (2000). "Saimiri sciureus", Animal Diversity Web. Accessed November 26, 2007
^Wong, G.; Cuarón, A.D.; Rodriguez-Luna, E. & de Grammont, P.C. (2008). "Saimiri oerstedii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008: e.T19836A9022609. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T19836A9022609.en.
Squirrelmonkeys are New World monkeys of the genus Saimiri. Saimiri is the only genus in the subfamily Saimirinae. The name of the genus is of Tupi origin...
Common squirrelmonkey is the traditional common name for several small squirrelmonkey species native to the tropical areas of South America. The term...
The Guianan squirrelmonkey (Saimiri sciureus) is a species of squirrelmonkey from Guiana, Venezuela and Brazil. S. sciureus formerly applied to Humboldt's...
The black squirrelmonkey (Saimiri vanzolinii), also known as the blackish squirrelmonkey or black-headed squirrelmonkey, is a small New World primate...
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capuchin monkeys (/ˈkæpjʊ(t)ʃɪn/) are New World monkeys of the subfamily Cebinae. They are readily identified as the "organ grinder" monkey, and have...
but never flew. Monkeys and non-human apes from several species were used, including rhesus macaque, crab-eating macaque, squirrelmonkeys, pig-tailed macaques...
one of the five families of New World monkeys now recognised. Extant members are the capuchin and squirrelmonkeys. These species are found throughout tropical...
family that includes the capuchin monkeys and squirrelmonkeys. One species each belongs to the night monkey family, Aotidae, and the tamarin and marmoset...
American squirrelmonkey belong to the family Cebidae. the family that includes the capuchin monkeys and squirrelmonkeys. The Panamanian night monkey belongs...
also introduces her squirrel sidekick, Monkey Joe. Murray has since described the character's genesis: Actually I created Squirrel Girl in script form...
mismanagement and animal care practices. Incidents, including the theft of a squirrelmonkey and lemur, the death of a young gorilla due to a hydraulic door malfunction...
researchers looked at how different drugs are self-administered by squirrelmonkeys. The drugs they studied included cocaine and a few others that have...
The fox squirrel (Sciurus niger), also known as the eastern fox squirrel or Bryant's fox squirrel, is the largest species of tree squirrel native to North...
(Sapajus apella), also known as brown capuchin, black-capped capuchin, or pin monkey, is a New World primate from South America and the Caribbean islands of...
tamarins (42 species) Family Cebidae: capuchins and squirrelmonkeys (14 species) Family Aotidae: night monkeys (11 species) Family Pitheciidae: titis, sakis...
American-born rhesus monkey, Able, from Independence, Kansas, and a 310 g (11 oz) squirrelmonkey from Peru, Baker. The monkeys rode in the nose cone...
Lynch. Able (rhesus macaque) and Miss Baker (Peruvian squirrelmonkey), both female – the first monkeys sent into space who survived the experience. They...
family Cebidae, which also includes the squirrelmonkeys. The evolution of the squirrelmonkeys and capuchin monkeys is believed to have diverged about 13...
Miss Baker (1957 – November 29, 1984) was a squirrelmonkey who in 1959 became, along with female rhesus macaque Able, one of the first two animals launched...
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