The spherical collapse model describes the evolution of nearly homogeneous matter in the early Universe into collapsed virialized structures - dark matter halos. This model assumes that halos are spherical and dominated by gravity which leads to an analytical solution for several of the halos' properties such as density and radius over time.[1][2][3]
The framework for spherical collapse was first developed to describe the infall of matter into clusters of galaxies.[4] At this time, in the early 1970s, astronomical evidence for dark matter was still being collected, and it was believed that the Universe was dominated by ordinary, visible matter. However, it is now thought that dark matter is the dominating species of matter.
^Barkana, Rennan (2018). The Encyclopedia of Cosmology, Volume 1: Galaxy Formation and Evolution. Vol. 2. World Scientific. doi:10.1142/9496. ISBN 9789814656221.
^Dodelson, Scott; Schmidt, Fabian (2021). Modern Cosmology (2 ed.). Academic Press. ISBN 978-0-12-815948-4.
^Baumann, Daniel (2022). Cosmology. Cambridge University Press. Bibcode:2022cosm.book.....B. doi:10.1017/9781108937092. ISBN 9781108838078.
^Gunn, James E.; Gott III, J. Richard (1972). "On the infall of matter into clusters of galaxies and some effects on their evolution". The Astrophysical Journal. 176: 1–19. Bibcode:1972ApJ...176....1G. doi:10.1086/151605.
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