Soviet deportations from Latvia were a series of mass deportations by the Soviet Union from Latvia in 1941 and 1945–1951, in which around 60,000 inhabitants of Latvia were deported to inhospitable remote areas of the Soviet Union, which had occupied the country in 1940 and again in 1944/1945.[1] Similar deportations were organized by the Soviet regime in the fellow occupied Baltic states of Estonia and Lithuania at the same time.
Alongside smaller forced population removals, the main waves of deportation were:
The June deportation of 14 June 1941 of around 14,000–15,500 people and their families, including young children under the age of 10.[2][3] This wave of deportations was mostly directed at the local Latvian and minority intelligentsia and political-social-economic elite, labeled by the Soviet security services as "suspect and socially alien elements".[4][5] Out of all the deportees, approximately 5,000 or around 34%-40% of the total number died in exile, on the journey or in executions;[6]
The second deportation under Operation Priboi of 25 March 1949, when 42,113–43,000 people were deported.[4][7] This time, the victims were mostly individual farmers, together with their family members, who were refusing to join the newly established collective farms (kolkhoz) and were included in the "kulak lists" of 1947, as well as members and supporters of the armed anti-Soviet resistance.[8][9] Of the total number of deportees, more than 5000 people died in exile.[6]
The deportations of 1944 are also sometimes singled out among these.[10][11]
People from Latvia were mostly resettled to Amur, Tomsk, and Omsk regions. Several smaller scale deportations took place during the Soviet occupation, especially of ethnic Germans, stateless persons from Riga, and Jehovah's Witnesses. After destalinization, internment in camps was a punishment reserved for people engaged in "anti-Soviet" behaviour.[6]
^Kaprāns, Mārtiņš. "The Tradition of Deportation Commemoration". Museum of the Occupation of Latvia. Retrieved 2020-06-06.[permanent dead link]
^Schwartz, Katrina Z. S. (2006). Nature and National Identity After Communism: Globalizing the Ethnoscape. University of Pittsburgh Pre. pp. 54–56. ISBN 978-0-8229-7314-0.
^Donald, Stephanie; Brūveris, Klāra (2017-02-09), Hemelryk Donald, Stephanie; Wilson, Emma; Wright, Sarah (eds.), "The Lost Children of Latvia: Deportees and Postmemory in Dzintra Geka's The Children of Siberia", Childhood and Nation in Contemporary World Cinema: borders and encounters, New York: Bloomsbury Academic, pp. 63–88, ISBN 978-1-5013-1858-0, retrieved 2020-12-18
^ abRislakki, Jukka (2008). The Case for Latvia: Disinformation Campaigns Against a Small Nation : Fourteen Hard Questions and Straight Answers about a Baltic Country. Rodopi. pp. 159.–161. ISBN 978-90-420-2423-6.
^Ellington, Lucien (2005). Eastern Europe: An Introduction to the People, Lands, and Culture. ABC-CLIO. p. 134. ISBN 978-1-57607-800-6.
^ abc"Latvia - Repressions". Latvia | Communist Crimes. Estonian Institute of Historical Memory. Retrieved 2020-08-05.
^"Soviet Mass Deportations from Latvia". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Latvia. 2004-08-16. Archived from the original on 2020-06-10. Retrieved 2020-06-06.
^Ph.D, Kevin C. O'Connor (2015-06-04). The History of the Baltic States, 2nd Edition. ABC-CLIO. pp. 178, 179. ISBN 978-1-61069-916-7.
^Schwartz, Katrina Z. S. (2006). Nature and National Identity After Communism: Globalizing the Ethnoscape. University of Pittsburgh Pre. pp. 54.–56. ISBN 978-0-8229-7314-0.
^McDowell, Linda (2013-09-05). Hard Labour: The Forgotten Voices of Latvian Migrant 'Volunteer' Workers. Routledge. p. 177. ISBN 978-1-134-05714-6.
^The Baltic Review #1-3. Committees for a Free Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. 1953. p. 37.
and 26 Related for: Soviet deportations from Latvia information
SovietdeportationsfromLatvia were a series of mass deportations by the Soviet Union fromLatvia in 1941 and 1945–1951, in which around 60,000 inhabitants...
prohibited from settling back in their homeland. Similar deportations took place in Latvia, Estonia, and other parts of the Soviet Union (see Soviet deportations...
the deportation, but is told in a more conventional dramatic way. Sovietdeportationsfrom Estonia SovietdeportationsfromLatviaSovietdeportations from...
The LatvianSoviet Socialist Republic (Latvian SSR), also known as SovietLatvia or simply Latvia, was de facto one of the constituent republics of the...
related to Sovietdeportations. These Names Accuse (SovietDeportations in Latvia) Baltic Deportation Instructions – Full text, English DEPORTATIONS Revelations...
The Soviet occupation of Latvia in 1940 refers to the military occupation of the Republic of Latvia by the Soviet Union under the provisions of the 1939...
German occupation from 1941 to 1945, Latvia lost its de facto independence as it was occupied by the USSR and became the Latvian SSR. Soviet rule ended in...
the new Soviet Premier in 1953 and undertook a process of de-Stalinization, he condemned Stalin's ethnic deportations, but did not mention Soviet Koreans...
three waves of deportations. At least 15,000 Greeks had died by the end of the deportations. Some scholars characterize the deportation as a genocide against...
The Sovietdeportationsfrom Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina took place between late 1940 and 1951 and were part of Joseph Stalin's policy of political...
and crimes against humanity - having signed orders for the SovietdeportationsfromLatviafrom 1949 to 1953. He died while serving his sentence at Riga...
return of deported ethnicities was declared officially null and void and the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union further declared the deportations criminal...
When the Soviets executed the first round of mass Baltic deportations, on the night of June 13–14, 1941, thousands of Latvian Jews were deported along with...
Latvia (/ˈlætviə/ LAT-vee-ə, sometimes /ˈlɑːtviə/ LAHT-vee-ə; Latvian: Latvija Latvian pronunciation: [ˈlatvija]), officially the Republic of Latvia, is...
independent Baltic countries – Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania – were invaded and occupied in June 1940 by the Soviet Union, under the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact...
of Latvian Folk Music, is the anthology and commentary of Latvian folk. It analysed 5999 items of Latvian ethnography published in 6 editions from 1894...
Deportations of the Ingrian Finns were a series of mass deportations of the Ingrian Finnish population by Soviet authorities. Deportations took place from...
common dishes in contemporary Latvia have their roots in Slavic, Germanic and Nordic cultures. Popular dishes adopted fromSoviet cuisine include pelmeni (pelmeņi)...
After the Soviet invasion of Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania in June 1940 the repressions followed with the arrests, executions and mass deportations carried...
occupy Latvia. Some people changed sides when the Soviets started arresting and deporting people, others when Nazi soldiers started killing Latvians, and...
mass deportations; they were forcibly removed and sent to the regions selected for deportations. This policy was enforced up until 1933, when soviet authorities...
1940 Soviet Union annexes Latvia. June 14, 1941 The Soviet Union deports 15,424 Latvians including over 3,000 children by train to Siberia. Latvian SSR...
Global Information