4 January 2016, with the death of Ellen Williams[1]
Language family
Salishan
Coast Salish
Lushootseed
Southern Lushootseed
Language codes
ISO 639-3
slh
Glottolog
sout2965
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Southern Lushootseed, also called Twulshootseed (txʷəlšucid) or Whulshootseed (xʷəlšucid) in the Muckleshoot and Snoqualmie dialects, is the southern dialect of Lushootseed, a Coast Salish language in western Washington State.[2] It was historically spoken by the Muckleshoot, Puyallup, Suquamish, Duwamish, Nisqually, and Squaxin Island tribes. The last native speaker was Ellen Williams (1923–2016) and her death rendered the language extinct.[3][4][5]
Whulshootseed is taught at the Muckleshoot Language Program of the Muckleshoot Tribal College in Auburn, Washington, at a local school, and by the Puyallup Tribal Language Program.[6][7][8] A 1999 video, Muckleshoot: a People and Their Language profiles the Muckleshoot Whulshootseed Language Preservation Project.[9]
^Southern Lushootseed at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022)
^Holly Taylor (2010-05-06). "Preserving the Lushootseed language for the next generation". Crosscut.com, News of the Great Nearby. Seattle, WA. Retrieved 2021-02-18.
^Erik Lacitis (2005-02-08). "Last few Whulshootseed speakers spread the word". Seattle Times Newspaper. Retrieved 2021-02-18.
^Lois Sweet Dorman (2005-06-21). "Lost in translation: a connection to the sacred". Seattle Times. Retrieved 2012-09-15.
^Johansen, Bruce E (2015). "Chapter 10, Muckleshoot language revival". Up from the ashes : nation building at Muckleshoot (First ed.). Seattle, WA: Seattle Publishing. pp. 244–251. ISBN 9780985776411.
^"Muckleshoot Language Program". Muckleshoot Tribal College. Retrieved 2012-09-15.
^Mary Ann Zehr (2010-07-14). "NCLB Seen Impeding Indigenous-Language Preservation". Education Week. Retrieved 2012-09-15.
^"Puyallup Tribal Language Program". Puyallup Tribe of Indians. Retrieved 2021-02-18.
^
Scott Ross (Director) (1999). Muckleshoot: a People and Their Language. Archived from the original on 2013-01-04. Retrieved 2012-12-03.
and 25 Related for: Southern Lushootseed information
Preservation Project. Lushootseed language SouthernLushootseed at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022) Holly Taylor (2010-05-06). "Preserving the Lushootseed language for...
family. Lushootseed is the general name for the dialect continuum composed of two main dialects, Northern Lushootseed and SouthernLushootseed, which are...
Lushootseed grammar is the grammar of the Lushootseed language, a Central Coast Salish language of the Salishan language family. Lushootseed can be considered...
The Puyallup (pyoo-A-luhp; Lushootseed: spuyaləpabš, lit. 'people of the bend') are a Lushootseed-speaking Southern Coast Salish people indigenous to the...
(born 1947), American luger Ellen Williams, last speaker of the SouthernLushootseed Helen Williams (disambiguation) This disambiguation page lists articles...
as an attempt to be more accurate to the Lushootseed pronunciation. There is no "th" sound in the Lushootseed language. Seattle was born between 1780 and...
They intermarried with downstream and closer to the coast living SouthernLushootseed-speaking Nisqually (Squalli-Absh / Sqʷaliʼabš) ("People of the Grassland")...
The Snoqualmie Indian Tribe (Lushootseed: sdukʷalbixʷ) is a federally recognized tribe of Snoqualmie people. They are Coast Salish Native American peoples...
The Steilacoom people (Lushootseed: č̓tilqʷəbš) are Lushootseed-speaking Southern Coast Salish people, indigenous to the southern Puget Sound region of...
(nəxʷsƛ̕áy̓emúcən; also known as Klallam) † Lushootseed † Northern Lushootseed (dxʷləšucid) † SouthernLushootseed (txʷəlšucid, xʷəlšucid; also known as Twulshootseed...
The Skykomish (Lushootseed: sq̓ixʷəbš, lit. 'upriver people', IPA: [ˈsqʼexʷ.əbʃ]) are a Lushootseed-speaking Coast Salish people indigenous to the Skykomish...
The Snoqualmie people (Lushootseed: sdukʷalbixʷ) are a Lushootseed-speaking Southern Coast Salish people indigenous to the Snoqualmie Valley, located...
The Snohomish people (Lushootseed: sduhubš, [sdohobʃ], sdoh-HOHBSH) are a Lushootseed-speaking Southern Coast Salish people who are indigenous to the...
Southern American English or Southern U.S. English is a regional dialect or collection of dialects of American English spoken throughout the Southern...
The Suquamish (Lushootseed: xʷsəq̓ʷəb) are a Lushootseed-speaking Native American people, located in present-day Washington in the United States. They...
Southeast Peak (Elevation 1673 feet). The name "Squak" comes from the SouthernLushootseed placename /sqʷásxʷ/, which is also the source of the name Issaquah...
The Duwamish (Lushootseed: dxʷdəwʔabš, [dxʷdəwʔɑbʃ]) are a Lushootseed-speaking Southern Coast Salish people in western Washington, and the Indigenous...
speak a subdialect of the southern dialect of Lushootseed (called Twulshootseed), which is a Coast Salish language. In Lushootseed, their name is dxʷsqʷaliʔabš...
University Village stands today. Tami Hohn, a Puyallup tribe member and SouthernLushootseed lecturer at UW, helped formalize the street sign's spelling, font...
VERBs] or [VERB+er]. For example, Lushootseed ʔux̌ʷ means '(one that) goes'. The following examples are from Lushootseed. An almost identical pair of sentences...
The Sammamish people (Lushootseed: sc̓ababš) are a Lushootseed-speaking Southern Coast Salish people. They are indigenous to the Sammamish River Valley...
derived from the Lushootseed name for the animal, gʷidəq. The etymology of gʷidəq is disputed. The lexical suffix =əq means "many" in Lushootseed. The Oxford...
Duwamish Tribal Organization, is an unrecognized tribe of Duwamish people (Lushootseed: dxʷdəwʔabš), and those who identify as their descendants, based in Seattle...
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