Salishan language or dialect continuum of North America
For a list of all Lushootseed-speaking peoples, see List of Lushootseed-speaking peoples.
Lushootseed
dxʷləšucid, txʷəlšucid, xʷəlšucid
Native to
United States
Region
North Western Washington, around the Puget Sound
Ethnicity
Lushootseed-speaking peoples
Extinct
2008[1]
Revival
472 L2 speakers (2022)
Language family
Salishan
Coast Salish
Central
Lushootseed
Language codes
ISO 639-3
Variously: lut – Lushootseed slh – Southern Puget Sound Salish ska – Skagit (covered by [lut]) sno – Snohomish (covered by [lut])
Glottolog
lush1251
ELP
Lushootseed
Lushootseed is classified as Critically Endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger
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Lushootseed,[a] formerly known as Puget Salish, Puget Sound Salish, or Skagit-Nisqually, is a Central Coast Salish language of the Salishan language family. Lushootseed is the general name for the dialect continuum composed of two main dialects, Northern Lushootseed and Southern Lushootseed, which are further separated into smaller sub-dialects.
Lushootseed test of Wikipedia at Wikimedia Incubator
Lushootseed was historically spoken across southern and western Puget Sound roughly between modern-day Bellingham and Olympia by a large number of Indigenous peoples, numbering 12,000 at its peak.[2][3] Today, however, it is primarily a ceremonial language, spoken for heritage or symbolic purposes, and there are about 472 second-language speakers.[4] It is classified as Critically Endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger. Despite this, many Lushootseed-speaking tribes are attempting to revitalize their language in daily use, with several language programs and classes offered across the region.[5][6][7][8][9]
The name comes from ləš, an archaic name for Puget Sound, and dxʷ-...=ucid, meaning 'language,' roughly translating to "Puget Sound language". The affix dxʷ- also means 'filled with' or 'throughout', and is common in Lushootseed names.[citation needed] The southern pronunciation txʷəlsucid is derived from the original by de-voicing d into t and switching the position of l and ə.[3][10]
^Cite error: The named reference pacificlutheran was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ ab"What is Lushootseed?". The Lushootseed Language. 2016-06-07. Retrieved 2022-11-28.
^Cite error: The named reference Gibeau2024 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference TulalipLut was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference Fiege2013 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference Gauld2015 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference PTLang was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference LutResearch was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Zahir, Zalmai (2009). "Foreward". A Lushootseed Analysis of a 1877 Dictionary by George Gibbs.
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family. Lushootseed is the general name for the dialect continuum composed of two main dialects, Northern Lushootseed and Southern Lushootseed, which are...
Lushootseed grammar is the grammar of the Lushootseed language, a Central Coast Salish language of the Salishan language family. Lushootseed can be considered...
Preservation Project. Lushootseed language Southern Lushootseed at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022) Holly Taylor (2010-05-06). "Preserving the Lushootseed language for...
as an attempt to be more accurate to the Lushootseed pronunciation. There is no "th" sound in the Lushootseed language. Seattle was born between 1780 and...
derived from the Lushootseed name for the animal, gʷidəq. The etymology of gʷidəq is disputed. The lexical suffix =əq means "many" in Lushootseed. The Oxford...
The Duwamish (Lushootseed: dxʷdəwʔabš, [dxʷdəwʔɑbʃ]) are a Lushootseed-speaking Southern Coast Salish people in western Washington, and the Indigenous...
VERBs] or [VERB+er]. For example, Lushootseed ʔux̌ʷ means '(one that) goes'. The following examples are from Lushootseed. An almost identical pair of sentences...
(nəxʷsƛ̕áy̓emúcən; also known as Klallam) † Lushootseed † Northern Lushootseed (dxʷləšucid) † Southern Lushootseed (txʷəlšucid, xʷəlšucid; also known as Twulshootseed...
from the Lushootseed place–name sqʷax̌səd. Squaxin Island Tribe Bates, Dawn; Hess, Thom; Hilbert, Vi (1994). Lushootseed Dictionary. Lushootseed Research...
Southern Lushootseed. The Puyallup speak Southern Lushootseed, often also known as Twulshootseed (from txʷəlšucid, the Puyallup name for Lushootseed). Lushootseed...
The Suquamish (Lushootseed: xʷsəq̓ʷəb) are a Lushootseed-speaking Native American people, located in present-day Washington in the United States. They...
The Muckleshoot (Lushootseed: bəqəlšuł ) are a Lushootseed-speaking Native American tribe, part of the Coast Salish peoples of the Pacific Northwest....
Anglicization of the Lushootseed name for Puget Sound, x̌ʷəlč, which literally means "sea, salt water, ocean, or sound". The name for the Lushootseed language, dxʷləšucid...
The Tulalip Tribes of Washington (/tʊˈleɪlɪp/, Lushootseed: dxʷlilap), formerly known as the Tulalip Tribes of the Tulalip Reservation, is a federally...
The Puyallup (pyoo-A-luhp; Lushootseed: spuyaləpabš, lit. 'people of the bend') are a Lushootseed-speaking Southern Coast Salish people indigenous to the...
Lake Washington (Lushootseed: x̌ačuʔ) is a large freshwater lake adjacent to the city of Seattle, Washington, United States. It is the largest lake in...
The Skykomish (Lushootseed: sq̓ixʷəbš, lit. 'upriver people', IPA: [ˈsqʼexʷ.əbʃ]) are a Lushootseed-speaking Coast Salish people indigenous to the Skykomish...
The Shilshole people (Lushootseed: šilšulabš; also known as the Shilshoolabsh) were a Lushootseed-speaking people whose territory was located around Salmon...
subdialect of the southern dialect of Lushootseed (called Twulshootseed), which is a Coast Salish language. In Lushootseed, their name is dxʷsqʷaliʔabš, meaning...
areas around Elliott Bay. The name for the modern city of Seattle in Lushootseed, dᶻidᶻəlal̓ič, meaning "little crossing-over place", comes from one of...
millennia have many names for the mountain in their various languages. Lushootseed speakers have several names for Mount Rainier, including xʷaq̓ʷ and təqʷubəʔ...
The Snohomish people (Lushootseed: sduhubš, [sdohobʃ], sdoh-HOHBSH) are a Lushootseed-speaking Southern Coast Salish people who are indigenous to the...
Lushootseed language. According to Seattle University, the garden is among several on campus which "[showcase] the relationship between Lushootseed language-speaking...
The Snoqualmie people (Lushootseed: sdukʷalbixʷ) are a Lushootseed-speaking Southern Coast Salish people indigenous to the Snoqualmie Valley, located...
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