Slavery in Sudan began in ancient times, and had a resurgence during the Second Sudanese Civil War (1983–2005). During the Trans-Saharan slave trade, many Nilotic peoples from the lower Nile Valley were purchased as slaves and brought to work elsewhere in North Africa and the Orient by Nubians, Egyptians, Berbers and Arabs.[citation needed]
Starting in 1995, many human rights organizations have reported on contemporary practice, especially in the context of the Second Sudanese civil war. According to reports of Human Rights Watch and others, during the war the government of Sudan was involved in backing and arming numerous slave-taking militias in the country as part of its war against the Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA).[1] It also found the government failed to enforce Sudanese laws against kidnapping, assault and forced labor, or to help victims' families locate their children.[1]
Another report (by the International Eminent Persons Group) found both the government-backed militias and the rebels (led by the SPLA) guilty of abducting civilians, though the abducting civilians by pro-government militias was "of particular concern" and "in a significant number of cases", led to slavery "under the definition of slavery in the International Slavery Convention of 1926".[2][3] The Sudanese government maintained that the slavery is the product of inter-tribal warfare, over which it had no control.[1]
According to the Rift Valley Institute, slave raiding and abduction "effectively ceased" in 2002, although an "unknown number" of slaves remained in captivity.[4][5] "Slave" is a racial epithet directed towards darker-skinned Sudanese.[6]
^ abcCite error: The named reference hrw-SaSRiS was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Slavery, Abduction and Forced Servitude in Sudan| US State Department | International Eminent Persons Group | May 22, 2002 | page 7| accessed 26 October 2015
^"Factfinding Report Confirms Sudan Slavery".
^Cite error: The named reference SASP was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^"Thousands of slaves in Sudan". BBC News. 2003-05-28. Retrieved 2010-05-23.
^"Viewpoint from Sudan - where black people are called slaves". BBC News. 2020-07-26. Retrieved 2020-07-26.
light skin in Sudanese society is rooted in the legacies of slaveryinSudan and colonialism. Skin color is not the sole determining factor in distinction...
slaveryinSudan remains widespread in the 21st century despite being ostensibly outlawed on paper, claiming that South Sudanese people who work in North...
Christianity and slavery Islamic views on slaverySlaveryin Mauritania SlaveryinSudan Unfree labour Maafa Tippu Tip Abolitionism History of slavery History...
French Sudan (French: Soudan français; Arabic: السودان الفرنسي as-Sūdān al-Faransī) was a French colonial territory in the Federation of French West Africa...
the north and darker Africans in the south. Slaveryin the Sahel states of Mauritania, Mali, Niger, Chad and Sudanin particular, continues a centuries-old...
Legal chattel Slavery existed in Saudi Arabia until the 1960s. Hejaz (the western region of modern day Saudi Arabia), which encompasses approximately 12%...
slavery, comprising the enslavement primarily of Africans and African Americans, was prevalent in the United States of America from its founding in 1776...
rights activist living in the United States. A victim of child slavery, Deng's activism primarily focuses on slaveryinSudan and on South Sudanese self-determination...
Mali, and Sudan. Many early converts to Islam were the poor and former slaves. One notable example is Bilal ibn Rabah al-Habashi. Slavery was widely...
Slaveryin Egypt existed up until the early 20th century. It differed from the previous slaveryin ancient Egypt, being managed in accordance with Islamic...
Embassy inSudan they were given full support – until it was revealed that the company that arranged their travel and sold them into slavery was actually...
Protectorate of Nigeria (1914–1954), Sudan (1899–1956), Maldives, Trucial States (UAE), Qatar, Bahrain and Kuwait, slavery remained legally permissible, under...
finally ended in the mid-fourteenth century with the complete collapse of organized government in the region. Manning, P. (1990). Slavery and African life:...
Slaveryin Angola existed since the late 15th century when Portugal established contacts with the peoples living in what is the Northwest of the present...
Sudan, officially the Republic of the Sudan, is a country in Northeast Africa. It borders the Central African Republic to the southwest, Chad to the west...
crisis in northern Sudan, precipitating the rise of Mahdist forces. Mahdi's victory created an Islamic state, one that quickly reinstituted slavery. European...
complicating the definition of 'slavery' as slaves in the international context usually did not have such legal rights. Slavery was not widespread during the...
lives in the U.S. state of Kansas, where he works for the American Anti-Slavery Group (AASG) and Sudan Sunrise, an organization that works for peace in Sudan...
Visions: Conflict of Identities in the Sudan p.51 Jok Madut Jok, War and SlaveryinSudan (2001) p.75 Edward Spiers, Sudan: The Reconquest Reappraised (1998)...
Slavery existed in the Sultanate of Zanzibar until 1909. Slavery and slave trade existed in the Zanzibar Archipelago for thousands of years. When clove...
because the British had outlawed slaveryinSudan before Bakhita's birth and because Italian law had never recognized slavery as legal, Bakhita had never legally...
came under French colonial control in 1898, as French Sudan, the French authorities formally abolished slaveryin 1905. Despite this declaration, traditional...