Global InformationSibiu information
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Sibiu
German: Hermannstadt Transylvanian Saxon: Härmeschtat/Hermestatt Latin: Cibinium | |
|---|---|
Municipality, former European Capital of Culture in 2007[a] | |
 From top, left to right: Council Tower (town symbol) • Lutheran Cathedral • Eyes of Sibiu • Medieval fortifications • Bridge of Lies • Town hall and Jesuit Church • Brukenthal Palace • Neo-Baroque palace • modern high-rise buildings | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
| Nickname: The Town with Eyes[1][better source needed] | |
 Location in Sibiu County | |
  Sibiu Location within Romania | |
| Coordinates: 45°47′34″N 24°09′07″E / 45.79278°N 24.15194°E | |
| Country |  Romania |
| County | Sibiu |
| Status | County seat |
| Settled | 1st century BC |
| Resettled | c. 1147 |
| First off. record | 1191 (as Cibinium) |
| Founded by | Hermann |
| Government | |
| • Mayor (2020–2024) | Astrid Fodor[2] (FDGR/DFDR) |
| Area | |
| • Municipality, former European Capital of Culture in 2007[a] | 121 km2 (47 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 415 m (1,362 ft) |
| Population (2021 census)[3] | |
| • Municipality, former European Capital of Culture in 2007[a] | 134,309 |
| • Density | 1,100/km2 (2,900/sq mi) |
| • Metro a | 267,170 |
| Demonym(s) | sibian, sibiancă (ro) hermannstädter (de) |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |
| Area code | +40 269/369 |
| Car plates | SB |
| Website | turism |
| aSibiu metropolitan area is a proposed project | |
Sibiu (/siːˈbjuː/ see-BEW,[4] pronounced [siˈbiw], German: Hermannstadt [ˈhɛʁmanʃtat], Latin: Cibinium, Transylvanian Saxon: Härmeschtat[5] or Hermestatt, Hungarian: Nagyszeben [ˈnɒcsɛbɛn]) is a middle-sized, well-preserved fortified medieval town in central Romania, situated in the historical region of Transylvania (Romanian: Transilvania, German: Siebenbürgen or Transsilvanien). Located some 275 km (171 mi) north-west of Bucharest,[6] the town straddles the Cibin River, a tributary of the Olt River. Now the county seat (Romanian: oraș reședință de județ) of the Sibiu County, between 1692 and 1791 and 1849–65 Sibiu was the capital of the Principality of Transylvania (Romanian: Principatul Transilvaniei, German: Großfürstentum Siebenbürgen). During the Modern era, the Hecht hause in Sibiu served as the seat of the Transylvanian Saxon University (Romanian: Universitatea Săsească, German: Sächsische Nationsuniversität, Latin: Universitas Saxonum).[7]
Nicknamed The Town with Eyes (given its historical buildings with partly open rooftops), the town is a well-known tourist destination for both domestic and foreign visitors. Known for its culture, history, gastronomy or local cuisine, and diverse architecture, which includes the iconic houses with eyes that gave Sibiu its nickname, the town has garnered significant attention since the beginning of the 21st century.
In 2004, its historical center began the process of becoming a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Sibiu was subsequently designated the European Capital of Culture in 2007, a title which it shared that year along with Luxembourg City as well.[8] One year later, it was ranked "Europe's 8th-most idyllic place to live" by Forbes.[9] In 2019, Sibiu was named the European Region of Gastronomy.[10] Sibiu hosted the European Wandering Capital event in 2021, the most important tourist wandering event in Europe.[11][12] A European Union summit was also hosted by the town in 2019.
Sibiu is also known nationally and internationally for its very beautiful Christmas market.[13][14] Renowned personalities include Transylvanian Saxon scientists Conrad Haas and Hermann Oberth, who were both pioneers of rocketry.[15] The company Elrond, which created the eGold cryptocurrency (among the biggest in the world), was founded by people from Sibiu.[16]
As of 2021 census, the city has a population of 134,309,[3] making it the 15th-largest city in Romania. The proposed Sibiu metropolitan area has a population of 267,170. The town also administers the village of Păltiniș, a ski resort located 35 kilometres to the southwest.
Historically, especially during the High Middle Ages and Late Middle Ages, Sibiu had been one of the most important cultural and administrative centres of the Transylvanian Saxons (more specifically the most important).[17] It is called Härmeschtat in their own local dialect which is very close to Luxembourgish from which it primarily descended a long time ago, during the Ostsiedlung.[18][19]
Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).
- ^ Heck, Pete (11 August 2014). "The Romania Eyes". www.hecktictravels.com. Hecktic Travels. Retrieved 2 May 2020.
- ^ "Results of the 2020 local elections". Central Electoral Bureau. Retrieved 14 June 2021.
- ^ a b "Populaţia rezidentă după grupa de vârstă, pe județe și municipii, orașe, comune, la 1 decembrie 2021" (in Romanian). INSSE. 31 May 2023.
- ^ "Sibiu in the Lexico dictionary (powered by Oxford)". lexico.com. Oxford. Archived from the original on 26 February 2020. Retrieved 2 May 2020.
- ^ Sigrid Haldenwang. "Hermannstadt". Siebenbuerger.de (in German). Verband der Siebenbürger Sachsen in Deutschland e. V. (i.e. Association of Transylvanian Saxons in Germany). Retrieved 7 February 2023.
- ^ "City Distance Tool". geobytes.com. Archived from the original on 5 October 2010.
- ^ Primăria Municipiului Sibiu. "Piața Mare nr. 8 (Casa Comesului sau Casa Hecht)". Sibiu Baroc (in Romanian). Retrieved 17 February 2023.
- ^ "Sibiu Cultural Capital Website". sibiu2007.ro. Archived from the original on 15 October 2006. Retrieved 28 April 2018.
- ^ Beckett, Edward; Olson, Parmy. "In Pictures: Europe's Most Idyllic Places To Live". Forbes. Archived from the original on 13 February 2018.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
EROGwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Laicauf, Denisa (22 November 2019). "Sibiu – Capitala Europeana a Drumetiei". Retrieved 2 May 2020.
- ^ "Eurorando – Sibiu 2021". eurorando.eu. Retrieved 2 May 2020.
- ^ "El Mundo – Best Christmas Markets in the World". elmundo.es. El Mundo. 21 December 2012. Retrieved 2 May 2020.
- ^ Brooking, Francesca. "European Christmas Markets: Top 5". abouttimemagazine.co.uk. Retrieved 2 May 2020.
- ^ Victor Rouă (25 May 2017). "Pioneering Spacecraft Propulsion In Late Medieval Transylvania". The Dockyards. Retrieved 29 December 2022.
- ^ Moldovan, Octavian (3 February 2021). "Cum au reușit doi frați din Sibiu să construiască o companie care valorează 1 miliard $". stirileprotv.ro. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
- ^ Victor Rouă (3 October 2015). "The History Of The Transylvanian Saxons". The Dockyards. Retrieved 9 March 2021.
- ^ Nathalie Lodhi (13 January 2020). "The Transylvanian Saxon dialect, a not-so-distant cousin of Luxembourgish". RTL Today. Retrieved 7 February 2023.
- ^ Victor Rouă (19 August 2015). "A Brief History Of The Transylvanian Saxon Dialect". The Dockyards. Retrieved 24 June 2020.