Indo-Aryan language primarily spoken in Gilgit-Baltistan and Gurez valley
Not to be confused with Kohistani Shina.
Shina
ݜݨیاٗ زبان / ݜݨیاٗ گلیتوࣿ زبان Ṣiṇyaá
The word Ṣiṇyaá written in the Arabic script in Nastaliq style.
Pronunciation
[ʂiɳjá]
Native to
Pakistan, India
Region
Gilgit-Baltistan, Kohistan, Drass, Gurez
Ethnicity
Shina
Native speakers
720,200 Shina (2018)[1] and Shina, Kohistani 458,000 (2018)[2]
Language family
Indo-European
Indo-Iranian
Indo-Aryan
Dardic
Eastern Dardic
Shinaic
Shina
Writing system
Arabic script (Nastaʿlīq)[3]
Language codes
ISO 639-3
Either: scl – Standard Shina plk – Kohistani Shina
Glottolog
shin1264 Shina kohi1248 Kohistani Shina
Distribution of Shina language in Dark Orange
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Shina (ݜݨیاٗ,شِْنْیٛاṢiṇyaá, IPA:[ʂiɳjá]) is a Dardic language of Indo-Aryan language family spoken by the Shina people.[4][5] In Pakistan, Shina is the major language in Gilgit-Baltistan spoken by an estimated 1,146,000 people living mainly in Gilgit-Baltistan and Kohistan.[4][6] A small community of Shina speakers is also found in India, in the Guraiz valley of Jammu and Kashmir and in Dras valley of Ladakh.[4] Outliers of Shina language such as Brokskat are found in Ladakh, Kundal Shahi in Azad Kashmir, Palula and Sawi in Chitral, Ushojo in the Swat Valley and Kalkoti in Dir.[4]
Until recently, there was no writing system for the language. A number of schemes have been proposed, and there is no single writing system used by speakers of Shina language.[7] Shina is mostly a spoken language and not a written language. Most Shina speakers do not write their language.
Due to effects of dominant languages in Pakistani media like Urdu, Standard Punjabi and English and religious impact of Arabic and Persian, Shina like other languages of Pakistan are continuously expanding its vocabulary base with loan words.[8] It has close relationship with other Indo-Aryan languages, especially Standard Punjabi, Western Punjabi, Sindhi, and the dialects of Western Pahari.[9]
^"Shina". Ethnologue. Archived from the original on 2019-06-06. Retrieved 25 June 2019.
^"Shina, Kohistani". Ethnologue. Archived from the original on 2019-06-05. Retrieved 25 June 2019.
^"Ethnologue report for Shina". Ethnologue.
^ abcdSaxena, Anju; Borin, Lars (2008-08-22). Lesser-Known Languages of South Asia: Status and Policies, Case Studies and Applications of Information Technology. Walter de Gruyter. p. 137. ISBN 978-3-11-019778-5. Shina is an Indo-Aryan language of the Dardic group, spoken in the Karakorams and the western Himalayas: Gilgit, Hunza, the Astor Valley, the Tangir-Darel valleys, Chilas and Indus Kohistan, as well as in the upper Neelam Valley and Dras. Outliers of Shina are found in Ladakh (Brokskat), Chitral (Palula and Sawi), Swat (Ushojo; Bashir 2003: 878) and Dir (Kalkoti).
^Jain, Danesh; Cardona, George (2007-07-26). The Indo-Aryan Languages. Routledge. p. 1018. ISBN 978-1-135-79710-2.
^"Shina". Ethnologue. Archived from the original on 2019-06-06. Retrieved 25 June 2019.
^Braj B. Kachru; Yamuna Kachru; S. N. Sridhar (2008). Language in South Asia. Cambridge University Press. p. 144. ISBN 9781139465502.
^Shams, Shammim Ara (2020). "The Impact of Dominant Languages on Regional Languages: A Case Study of English, Urdu and Shina". Pakistan Social Sciences Review. 4 (III): 1092–1106. doi:10.35484/pssr.2020(4-III)79.
^M. Oranskij, “Indo-Iranica IV. Tadjik (Régional) Buruǰ ‘Bouleau,’” in Mélanges linguistiques offerts à Émile Benveniste, Paris, 1975, pp. 435–40.
Shina (ݜݨیاٗ,شِْنْیٛا Ṣiṇyaá, IPA: [ʂiɳjá]) is a Dardic language of Indo-Aryan language family spoken by the Shina people. In Pakistan, Shina is the major...
Look up Shina in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Shina may refer to: Kohistani Shinalanguage, an Indo-Aryan language spoken in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan...
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an Indo-Aryan language of northern Pakistan Kohistani Shinalanguage, a Shina variety spoken in northern Pakistan Kohistani languages, a group of Indo-Aryan...
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The pakol or pakul (Khowar: پاکول, Shina: پاکول, Persian: پاکسازی, Urdu: پاکول) is a soft, flat, rolled-up, round-topped men's cap, usually worn in Afghanistan...
highest peaks is K2. Two ethnic groups exist, which speak Shinalanguage and Gujari language. The local Balti community´s use of medicinal plants has been...
(Urdu: [nəŋɡa pərbət̪]; lit. 'naked mountain'), known locally as Diamer (Shina: دیآمر, lit. 'King of the Mountains'), is the ninth-highest mountain on...
communities have in the past switched to the dominant Shinalanguage, with their original language surviving only in the Burushaski areas of Nagar and Hunza...
poets List of topics on the land and the people of “Jammu and Kashmir” Shinalanguage States of India by Kashmiri speakers At the beginning of a word it can...
In many languages, the names given to the seven days of the week are derived from the names of the classical planets in Hellenistic astronomy, which were...
Shinran Shin Corporation, one of the largest conglomerates in Thailand ShinalanguageShina people, an ethnic group who live in parts of Pakistan and northern...
ancient Dardic language. It is considered a divergent variety of Shina, but it is not mutually intelligible with the other dialects of Shina. It is only...
Sir Shina Peters (born Oluwashina Akanbi Peters; 30 May 1958) is a Nigerian Jùjú musician. Born Oluwashina Akanbi Peters in Ogun State, Peters' career...
their language is called Brokskat. They use the endonym Minaro. The Brokpa speak an Indo-Aryan language called Brokskat, which is a variety of the Shina language...
Issues 1-16. 1965. p. 123. Schmidt, Ruth Laila (2008). A Grammar of the ShinaLanguage of Indus Kohistan. Harrassowitz. p. 11. ISBN 9783447056762. Frankel...
and indie pop styles of music. Raheem was born in 1997. He belongs to a Shina family hailing from Gilgit, located in northern Pakistan's Gilgit-Baltistan...
Languages spoken in the Republic of India belong to several language families, the major ones being the Indo-Aryan languages spoken by 78.05% of Indians...
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