The word "Koshur" in Perso-Arabic script (contemporary, official status), Sharada script (ancient, liturgical) and Devanagari
Native to
India and Pakistan
Region
Kashmir (Kashmir division and parts of Chenab valley, Jammu and Kashmir,[1] parts of northern Azad Kashmir)
Ethnicity
Kashmiris
Native speakers
7.1 million (2011)[1]
Language family
Indo-European
Indo-Iranian
Indo-Aryan
Dardic
Eastern Dardic
Kashmiric
Kashmiri
Dialects
Kishtwari, Poguli[2][3]
Writing system
Official: Perso-Arabic script (contemporary)[4] Others: Devanagari[4] (informally used by some sections within the Kashmiri Pandit community after 1990),[5][6][7] Sharada script (ancient/liturgical)[4]
Official status
Official language in
India
Jammu and Kashmir[8][9]
Language codes
ISO 639-1
ks
ISO 639-2
kas
ISO 639-3
kas
Glottolog
kash1277
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Kashmiri (English: /kæʃˈmɪəri/)[10] or Koshur (Kashmiri: کٲشُر(Perso-Arabic, Official Script) ; Kashmiri pronunciation:[kəːʃur])[1] is a Dardic Indo-Aryan language spoken by around 7 million Kashmiris of the Kashmir region,[11] primarily in the Kashmir Valley of the Indian-administrated union territory of Jammu and Kashmir.[12] Kashmiri has split ergativity and the unusual verb-second word order.
Since 2020, It has been made an official language of Jammu and Kashmir along with Dogri, Hindi, Urdu and English.[13] Kashmiri is also among the 22 scheduled languages of India.
Kashmiri is spoken by roughly five percent of Pakistan-Administrated Azad Kashmir's population.[14]
^ abcKashmiri at Ethnologue (26th ed., 2023)
^Mahapatra, B. P. (1989). Constitutional languages. Presses Université Laval. p. 270. ISBN 978-2-7637-7186-1.
^Nicolaus, Peter (2015). "Residues of Ancient Beliefs among the Shin in the Gilgit-Division and Western Ladakh". Iran & the Caucasus. 19 (3): 201–264. doi:10.1163/1573384X-20150302. ISSN 1609-8498. JSTOR 43899199.
^ abcSociolinguistics. Mouton de Gruyter. 1977. ISBN 9789027977229. Retrieved 30 August 2009.
^"Valley divide impacts Kashmiri, Pandit youth switch to Devnagari". The Indian Express.
^"There's a new Hindu-Muslim conflict in Kashmir—this time over one language, two scripts". The Print. Retrieved 21 May 2022.
^Taru (22 October 2016). "Pandits want official status for Kashmiri written in Devanagari script". The Sunday Guardian Live. Retrieved 27 July 2023.
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