Anthem: «Ύμνος εις την Ελευθερίαν» Ýmnos eis tin Eleftherían "Hymn to Liberty"
The Hellenic Republic in 1935
Capital
Athens
Common languages
Greek (Katharevousa had official status, while Demotic was popular)
Religion
Eastern Orthodox Church
Demonym(s)
Greek, Hellene
Government
Unitary parliamentary republic (1924–1925; 1926–1936) Unitary parliamentary republic under military dictatorship (1925–1926)
President
• 1924–1926
Pavlos Kountouriotis
• 1926
Theodoros Pangalos
• 1926–1929
Pavlos Kountouriotis
• 1929–1935
Alexandros Zaimis
Prime Minister
• 1924 (first)
Alexandros Papanastasiou
• 1933–1935 (last)
Panagis Tsaldaris
Legislature
Parliament
• Upper house
Senate
• Lower house
Chamber of Deputies
Historical era
Interwar period
• Established
25 March 1924
• Abolished
3 November 1935
Area
[1]
130,199 km2 (50,270 sq mi)
Population
• 1924[2]
5,924,000
• 1928 (census)[2]
6,204,684
• 1935[2]
6,839,000
Currency
Greek drachma
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Kingdom of Greece
Kingdom of Greece
Today part of
Greece
The Second Hellenic Republic is a modern historiographical term used to refer to the Greek state during a period of republican governance between 1924 and 1935. To its contemporaries it was known officially as the Hellenic Republic (Greek: Ἑλληνικὴ Δημοκρατία[eliniˈciðimokraˈti.a]) or more commonly as Greece (Greek: Ἑλλάς[eˈlas], Hellas). It occupied virtually the coterminous territory of modern Greece (with the exception of the Dodecanese) and bordered Albania, Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, Turkey and the Italian Aegean Islands. The term Second Republic is used to differentiate it from the First and Third republics.
The fall of the monarchy was proclaimed by the country's parliament on 25 March 1924.[3] A relatively small country with a population of 6.2 million in 1928, it covered a total area of 130,199 km2 (50,270 sq mi). Over its eleven-year history, the Second Republic saw some of the most important historical events in modern Greek history emerge; from Greece's first military dictatorship, to the short-lived democratic form of governance that followed, the normalisation of Greco-Turkish relations which lasted until the 1950s, and to the first successful efforts to significantly industrialise the nation.
The Second Hellenic Republic was abolished on 10 October 1935,[4] and its abolition was confirmed by referendum on 3 November of the same year which is widely accepted as having been mired with electoral fraud. The fall of the Republic eventually paved the way for Greece to become a totalitarian single-party state, when Ioannis Metaxas established the 4th of August Regime in 1936, lasting until the Axis occupation of Greece in 1941.
The SecondHellenicRepublic is a modern historiographical term used to refer to the Greek state during a period of republican governance between 1924...
While the First and SecondHellenicRepublics are not in common use except in a historiographic context, the term Third HellenicRepublic is used frequently...
establishment during the Greek Revolution to the present day. "First HellenicRepublic" is a historiographical term used by academics the actual name of...
The First HellenicRepublic (Greek: Αʹ Ελληνική Δημοκρατία) was the provisional Greek state during the Greek Revolution against the Ottoman Empire. From...
The history of the HellenicRepublic constitutes three republican periods in the modern history of Greece: from 1822 until 1832; from 1924 until 1935;...
Greece, officially the HellenicRepublic, is a country in Southeast Europe. Located on the southern tip of the Balkan peninsula, Greece shares land borders...
List of heads of state of Greece List of cabinets of Greece First HellenicRepublic Γεώργιος Δ. Δημακόπουλος: "Η διοικητική οργάνωσις κατά την Ελληνικήν...
favor of the SecondHellenicRepublic, again from 1935 to 1973, when it was once more abolished and replaced by the Third HellenicRepublic. Only the first...
was briefly replaced by the SecondHellenicRepublic (1924–35). In 1931, the proclamation of the Second Spanish Republic (1931–39) resulted in the Spanish...
Second HellenicRepublic (1924–1935) Second Spanish Republic (1931–1939) Portuguese SecondRepublic, also known as the "Estado Novo" (1933–1974) Second Czechoslovak...
centuries. The Kingdom of Greece was dissolved in 1924 and the SecondHellenicRepublic was established following Greece's defeat by Turkey in the Asia...
1828, 31 January: Alexander Ypsilantis dies in Vienna. The First HellenicRepublic (Greek: Αʹ Ελληνική Δημοκρατία) is a historiographic term used for...
The mayor of Ioannina is the head of Ioannina. "Διατελέσαντες Δήμαρχοι". Archived from the original on 5 September 2013. Retrieved 21 February 2022. "Οι...
committees. This reform of the constitution is also a part of the SecondHellenicRepublic, in reference to the Greek state using a republican democracy as...
precedence ranks the speaker of the Hellenic Parliament in the 3rd position, after the President of the Republic and the Prime Minister. The incumbent...
private citizens. On 25 March 1924, with the establishment of the SecondHellenicRepublic, the crowns were removed from all flags. On 20 February 1930, the...
the father of modern medicine, Hippocrates and his teacher Democritus". Hellenic Journal of Nuclear Medicine. 11 (1): 2–4. PMID 18392218. Hippocrates, Microsoft...
1935: A coup, led by General Kondylis, signaled the end of the SecondHellenicRepublic and led to the restoration of King George II to the throne, according...
party by 20%, they fell short of forming a majority by 5 seats. The HellenicRepublic had a caretaker prime minister until the June 2023 Greek legislative...
that deposed King Constantine I and in the establishment of the SecondHellenicRepublic. In June 1925 Pangalos staged a bloodless coup, and his assumption...
Ottoman Turks, in what many scholars have termed a genocide. The SecondHellenicRepublic was proclaimed in 1924 only to be disestablished in 1935 with the...
Socialist Republic (25 February 1921 – 12 March 1922) Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (1922–1991) SecondHellenicRepublic (1924–1935) Catalan Republic (14...
Aeolis, the Aeolians often appear as the most numerous amongst the other Hellenic tribes of early times. The Boeotians, a subgroup of the Aeolians, were...
Stefanopoulos 23 November 1952 6 October 1955 Hellenic Union Spyros Theotokis 6 October 1955 23 April 1956 Hellenic Union Evangelos Averoff 27 May 1956 2 March...
it was the Constitution of 1927 which formally established the SecondHellenicRepublic and provided for a largely ceremonial president as head of state...
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