Religious and political movement that established the Church of Scotland
Part of a series on the
Reformation
Ninety-five Theses, written by Martin Luther in 1517
Precursors
Peter Waldo and Waldensians
John Wycliffe and Lollardy
Jan Hus and Hussites
Girolamo Savonarola and Piagnoni
Arnold of Brescia and Arnoldists
Gottschalk of Orbais
Ratramnus
Claudius of Turin
Berengar of Tours and Berengarians
Wessel Gansfort
Johann Ruchrat von Wesel
Johannes von Goch
Friends of God
Pataria
Beginning
Ninety-five Theses
Diet of Worms
Luther Bible
Magisterials
Radicals
Contributing factors
Western Schism
Avignon Papacy
Bohemian Reformation
Northern Renaissance
Christian humanism
German mysticism
Johannes Gutenberg and his printing press
Erasmus
Johann Reuchlin
Theologies of seminal figures
Theology of Martin Luther
Theology of Huldrych Zwingli
Theology of John Calvin
Protestant Reformers
Martin Luther
Philip Melanchthon
Huldrych Zwingli
John Calvin
Martin Bucer
William Tyndale
Andreas Karlstadt
Theodore Beza
George Buchanan
Heinrich Bullinger
Peter Martyr Vermigli
William Farel
François Hotman
John Knox
Hubert Languet
Thomas Müntzer
Balthasar Hubmaier
Menno Simons
Thomas Cranmer
Richard Hooker
Jacobus Arminius
Roger Williams
Many others
By location
Germany
Switzerland (Geneva/Zürich)
England
Scotland
Netherlands
Czech Lands
Hungary
Romania
Slovenia
Denmark–Norway and Holstein
Sweden and Finland
Iceland
Estonia and Latvia
Austria
France
Italy
Poland-Lithuania
Ireland
Major political leaders
Henry VIII of England
Elizabeth I
Oliver Cromwell
James VI and I
William the Silent
Gaspard II de Coligny
Henry IV of France
Jeanne d'Albret
Stephen Bocskai
Gabriel Bethlen
Gustav II Adolf
Frederick V, Elector Palatine
Philip I of Hesse
Electors of Saxony
Frederick III
John Frederick I
Counter-Reformation
Catholic Church
Council of Trent
Counter-Reformation § Politics
Censorship of the Bible § 16th century
Anti-Protestantism
Criticism
Holy Roman Emperors
Charles V
Ferdinand II
Political and religious conflicts
Thirty Years' War
French Wars of Religion
Eighty Years' War
War of the Three Kingdoms
German Peasants' War
Wars of Kappel
Schmalkaldic War
Art and literature
Painting and sculpture
Northern Mannerism
Lutheran art
German Renaissance Art
Swedish art
English art
Woodcuts
Art conflicts
Beeldenstorm
Building
Influence on church architecture
Literature
Elizabethan
Metaphysical poets
Propaganda
Welsh
Scottish
Anglo-Irish
German
Czech
Swiss
Slovak
Sorbian
Romanian
Danish
Bohorič alphabet
Faroese
Norwegian
Swedish
Finnish
Icelandic
Dutch Renaissance and Golden Age
Folklore of the Low Countries
16th century Renaissance humanism
16th century in poetry
16th century in literature
Theater
English Renaissance theatre
Pastoral
Morality
History
Tragedy
Revenge
Music
Forms
Hymnody of continental Europe
Music of the British Isles
Hymn tune
Lutheran chorale
Lutheran hymn
Anglican church music
Exclusive psalmody
Scottish church music
Normative principle
Anglican chant
Homophony vs. Polyphony
Falsobordone
Verse anthem
Liturgies
Reformed worship
Calvin's liturgy
Formula missae
Deutsche Messe
Liturgical Struggle
Ecclesiastical Latin
Lutheran and Anglican Mass in music
Cyclic mass vs. Paraphrase mass
Roman vs. Sarum Rites
Sequence (retained by Lutherans, mostly banned by Trent)
Hymnals
First and Second Lutheran hymnals
First Wittenberg hymnal
Ausbund
Swenske songer
Thomissøn's hymnal
Book of Common Prayer
Metrical psalters
Book of Common Order
Souterliedekens
Genevan Psalter
Scottish Psalter
Whole Book of Psalms
Conclusion and commemorations
Conclusion
Confessionalization with subsequent Protestant orthodoxy
Peace of Westphalia
Simultaneous rise of Pietism and Rationalism
Monuments
Reformation Wall
Luther Monuments
Calendrical commemoration
Reformation Day
Lutheran
Anglican
Protestantism
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Part of a series on the
History of Scotland
Eras
Prehistoric (timeline) 12,000 BC–700 BC
During the Roman Empire 69–384
Middle Ages
Early
High
Late
Early Modern
Modern
History (timeline)
Rule
House of Alpin (843–878; 889–1040)
House of Moray (1040–1058)
House of Dunkeld (1058–1286)
House of Balliol (1292–1296)
House of Bruce (1306–1371)
House of Stuart (1371–1652) (1660–1707)
Commonwealth (1652–1660)
Acts of Union 1707
Topics
Scandinavian Scotland 793–1468
Wars of independence
Renaissance
Reformation
Restoration
Glorious Revolution
Colonization of the Americas
Enlightenment
Romanticism
Clans
The Scots language
Economics
Education
Military
Maritime
Historiography
Demography
Natural history
Culture
Architecture
Art
The Kilt
Literature
Philosophy
Politics
Devolution
Local government
Scottish National Party
Scottish Socialist Party
Sport
Football
Rugby union
National football team
Golf
Religion
Christianity
Scottish Reformation
Scottish Episcopal Church
Great Disruption
Jews and Judaism
Islam and Muslims
By region
Edinburgh timeline
Glasgow timeline
Scotland portal
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The Scottish Reformation was the process whereby Scotland broke away from the Catholic Church, and established the Protestant Church of Scotland.[a] It forms part of the wider European 16th century Protestant Reformation.
From the first half of the 16th century, Scottish scholars and religious leaders were influenced by the teachings of the Protestant reformer, Martin Luther. In 1560, a group of Scottish nobles known as the Lords of the Congregation gained control of government. Under their guidance, the Scottish Reformation Parliament passed legislation that established a Protestant creed, and rejected Papal supremacy, although these were only formally ratified by James VI and I in 1567.
Directed by John Knox, the new Church of Scotland adopted a Presbyterian structure and largely Calvinist doctrine. The Reformation resulted in major changes in Scottish education, art and religious practice. The kirk itself became the subject of national pride, and many Scots saw their country as a new Israel.
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