A scholarch (Ancient Greek: σχολάρχης, scholarchēs) was the head of a school in ancient Greece. The term is especially remembered for its use to mean the heads of schools of philosophy, such as the Platonic Academy in ancient Athens. Its first scholarch was Plato himself, the founder and proprietor. He held the position for forty years, appointing his nephew Speusippus as his successor. The members of the Academy elected later scholarchs.
A list of scholarchs of the four main philosophy schools during the Hellenistic period, with the approximate dates they headed the schools, is as follows:[1][2]
Academy
Lyceum
Stoa
Garden
388–348 Plato
348–339 Speusippus
339–314 Xenocrates
314–270 Polemon
270–265 Crates of Athens
265–241 Arcesilaus
241–225 Lacydes
225–167 Telecles & Euander
167–165 Hegesinus
165–137 Carneades
137–131 Carneades II
131–127 Crates of Tarsus
127–110 Clitomachus
110–84 Philo of Larissa
335–322 Aristotle
322–287 Theophrastus
287–269 Strato
269–225 Lyco
225–??? Aristo
c. 155 Critolaus
???–110 Diodorus of Tyre
300–262 Zeno of Citium
262–230 Cleanthes
230–205 Chrysippus
205–??? Zeno of Tarsus
???–145 Diogenes
145–129 Antipater
129–110 Panaetius
307–271 Epicurus
271–250 Hermarchus
250–215 Polystratus
215–201 Dionysius
201–??? Basilides
c. 175 Thespis
???–100 Apollodorus
100–75 Zeno of Sidon
75–70 Phaedrus
70–??? Patro
^Dorandi, Tiziano (1999). "Chapter 2: Chronology". In Algra, Keimpe; et al. (eds.). The Cambridge History of Hellenistic Philosophy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 53. ISBN 9780521250283.
^Diogenes Laërtius, 'Lives of the Eminent Philosophers', Book 9, Chapter 12, Section 116
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