Romani language information

Romani
Romani
Romany; Romanes; Roma;
rromani ćhib
Ethnicity	Romani
Native speakers	4.6 million (2015)
Language family	Indo-European Indo-Iranian Indo-Aryan Western Indo-Aryan Romani; ; ; ;
Dialects	Balkan Romani (including Zargari Romani); Baltic Romani; Carpathian Romani; Northern Romani (including Finnish Kalo, Sinte Romani, Welsh Romani); Vlax Romani;
Official status
Recognised minority; language in	Austria; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Colombia; Finland; Germany; Hungary; Kosovo; Montenegro; North Macedonia; Norway; Poland; Denmark; Romania; Serbia; Slovakia; Sweden;
Language codes
ISO 639-2	rom
ISO 639-3	rom – inclusive code; Individual codes:; rmn – Balkan Romani; rml – Baltic Romani; rmc – Carpathian Romani; rmf – Finnish Kalo; rmo – Sinte Romani; rmy – Vlax Romani; rmw – Welsh Romani
Glottolog	roma1329
	Romani is classified as Vulnerable by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger (2010)
	This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.

Romani (/ˈrɒməni, ˈroʊ-/ ROM-ə-nee, ROH-;^[12]^[13]^[14]^[15] also Romany, Romanes /ˈrɒmənɪs/ ROM-ən-iss,^[16] Roma; Romani: rromani ćhib) is an Indo-Aryan macrolanguage of the Romani communities.^[17] According to Ethnologue, seven varieties of Romani are divergent enough to be considered languages of their own. The largest of these are Vlax Romani (about 500,000 speakers),^[18] Balkan Romani (600,000),^[19] and Sinte Romani (300,000).^[20] Some Romani communities speak mixed languages based on the surrounding language with retained Romani-derived vocabulary – these are known by linguists as Para-Romani varieties, rather than dialects of the Romani language itself.^[21]

The differences between the various varieties can be as large as, for example, the differences between the Slavic languages.^[22]

^ "Romany languages". Britannica. Retrieved 2022-12-23.
^ Romany at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022)
^ Campbell, George L.; King, Gareth (7 December 2018). The Routledge Concise Compendium of the World's Languages. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-69256-8.
^ "3rd Report of the Republic of Austria pursuant to Article 15 (1) of the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages" (PDF). Federal Chancellery, Constitutional Service, Austria. 2011. Retrieved 2022-11-11.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ "Reservations and Declarations for Treaty No.148 - European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages".
^ "Four Languages You Didn't Know Were Spoken in Colombia". 24 November 2015.
^ "Romanikieli ja karjalan kieli".
^ "Regional- und Minderheitensprachen" (PDF) (in German). Berlin: Federal Ministry of the Interior. 2008. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 3, 2012. Retrieved 2012-08-12.
^ "National and Ethnic Minorities in Hungary" (PDF). Facts About Hungary (in Hungarian). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-10-11. Retrieved 2015-12-23.
^ "Assessing Minority Language Rights in Kosovo" (PDF). Sapientia University. Retrieved 14 December 2020.
^ Ministry of Local Government and Modernisation (4 June 2018). "Nasjonale minoriteter" [National minorities]. regjeringen.no (in Norwegian). Norwegian Government Security and Service Organisation. Retrieved 2019-04-08.
^ "Romany" in Oxford Living Dictionaries
^ "Romany" in Merriam-Webster's Dictionary
^ "Romany" in Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary
^ Laurie Bauer, 2007, The Linguistics Student's Handbook, Edinburgh
^ "Romanes" in Collins English Dictionary; "Romanes" in Dictionary.com.
^ "Romani". Ethnologue. SIL International. Archived from the original on April 15, 2019. Retrieved September 15, 2013.
^ "Romani, Vlax". Ethnologue. SIL International. Archived from the original on Sep 23, 2012. Retrieved August 12, 2012.
^ "Romani, Balkan". Ethnologue. SIL International. Archived from the original on Sep 19, 2012. Retrieved August 12, 2012.
^ "Romani, Sinte". Ethnologue. SIL International. Archived from the original on Sep 29, 2012. Retrieved August 12, 2012.
^ Matras (2006) "In some regions of Europe, especially the western margins (Britain, the Iberian peninsula, Scandinavia), Romani-speaking communities have given up their language in favor of the majority language, but have retained Romani-derived vocabulary as an in-group code. Such codes, for instance Angloromani (Britain), Caló (Spain), or Rommani (Scandinavia) are usually referred to as Para-Romani varieties."
^ Hübschmannová 1993, p. 23.

[1] "Romany languages". Britannica. Retrieved 2022-12-23.

[e25rom-2] Romany at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022)

[3] Campbell, George L.; King, Gareth (7 December 2018). The Routledge Concise Compendium of the World's Languages. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-69256-8.

[4] "3rd Report of the Republic of Austria pursuant to Article 15 (1) of the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages" (PDF). Federal Chancellery, Constitutional Service, Austria. 2011. Retrieved 2022-11-11.

[charter-5] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ "Reservations and Declarations for Treaty No.148 - European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages".

[6] "Four Languages You Didn't Know Were Spoken in Colombia". 24 November 2015.

[7] "Romanikieli ja karjalan kieli".

[8] "Regional- und Minderheitensprachen" (PDF) (in German). Berlin: Federal Ministry of the Interior. 2008. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 3, 2012. Retrieved 2012-08-12.

[9] "National and Ethnic Minorities in Hungary" (PDF). Facts About Hungary (in Hungarian). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-10-11. Retrieved 2015-12-23.

[10] "Assessing Minority Language Rights in Kosovo" (PDF). Sapientia University. Retrieved 14 December 2020.

[11] Ministry of Local Government and Modernisation (4 June 2018). "Nasjonale minoriteter" [National minorities]. regjeringen.no (in Norwegian). Norwegian Government Security and Service Organisation. Retrieved 2019-04-08.

[12] "Romany" in Oxford Living Dictionaries

[13] "Romany" in Merriam-Webster's Dictionary

[14] "Romany" in Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

[15] Laurie Bauer, 2007, The Linguistics Student's Handbook, Edinburgh

[16] "Romanes" in Collins English Dictionary; "Romanes" in Dictionary.com.

[17] "Romani". Ethnologue. SIL International. Archived from the original on April 15, 2019. Retrieved September 15, 2013.

[rmy_ethno-18] "Romani, Vlax". Ethnologue. SIL International. Archived from the original on Sep 23, 2012. Retrieved August 12, 2012.

[rmn_ethno-19] "Romani, Balkan". Ethnologue. SIL International. Archived from the original on Sep 19, 2012. Retrieved August 12, 2012.

[rmo_ethno-20] "Romani, Sinte". Ethnologue. SIL International. Archived from the original on Sep 29, 2012. Retrieved August 12, 2012.

[21] Matras (2006) "In some regions of Europe, especially the western margins (Britain, the Iberian peninsula, Scandinavia), Romani-speaking communities have given up their language in favor of the majority language, but have retained Romani-derived vocabulary as an in-group code. Such codes, for instance Angloromani (Britain), Caló (Spain), or Rommani (Scandinavia) are usually referred to as Para-Romani varieties."

[FOOTNOTEHübschmannová199323-22] Hübschmannová 1993, p. 23.

Romani language information

and 27 Related for: Romani language information

Romani language

Vlax Romani language

Balkan Romani

Welsh Romani language

Angloromani language

Romani people

Carpathian Romani

Sinte Romani

Romani society and culture

Romani

Romani diaspora

Names of the Romani people

Kalderash Romani language

World Romani Congress

Finnish Kalo language

History of the Romani people

Languages of Norway

Laiuse Romani language

Languages of Sweden

Muslim Romani people

Romani people in France

Domari language

Languages of Finland

Baltic Romani

Romani people in Romania

Scottish Romani and Traveller groups

Romani Americans

Romani
Romany Romanes Roma
rromani ćhib
Ethnicity	Romani
Native speakers	4.6 million (2015)^[1]^[2]
Language family	Indo-European Indo-Iranian Indo-Aryan Western Indo-Aryan^[3] Romani
Dialects	Balkan Romani (including Zargari Romani) Baltic Romani Carpathian Romani Northern Romani (including Finnish Kalo, Sinte Romani, Welsh Romani) Vlax Romani
Official status
Recognised minority language in	Austria^[4] Bosnia and Herzegovina^[5] Colombia^[6] Finland^[7] Germany^[8] Hungary^[9] Kosovo^[10] Montenegro^[5] North Macedonia^[5] Norway^[11] Poland^[5] Denmark^[5] Romania^[5] Serbia^[5] Slovakia^[5] Sweden^[5]
Language codes
ISO 639-2	`rom`
ISO 639-3	`rom` – inclusive code Individual codes: `rmn` – Balkan Romani `rml` – Baltic Romani `rmc` – Carpathian Romani `rmf` – Finnish Kalo `rmo` – Sinte Romani `rmy` – Vlax Romani `rmw` – Welsh Romani
Glottolog	`roma1329`
Romani is classified as Vulnerable by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger (2010)
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.

Romani people
Part of a series on

Archaeology Cuisine Culture Dance Dress Folklore History Language Media Music Names People Religion Settlements
Romani people by sub-group Arlije Bergitka Roma Burgenland Roma Boyash Cascarots Crimean Roma Garachi Gurbeti Judeo-Romani Kalderash Kale (Finnish Roma) Kale (Welsh Roma) Kawliya Lovari Lăutari Machvaya Romanisæl Polska Roma Prekmurje Roma Romanichal Ruska Roma Sepečides Romani Servitka Roma Sinti Ursari Zargari
Romani diaspora by country Albania Argentina Australia Austria Belarus Belgium Bosnia-Herzegovina Brazil Bulgaria Colombia Croatia Cyprus Czech Republic Czechoslovakia Denmark Estonia Finland France Georgia Germany Greece Hungary Ireland Italy Kosovo Latvia Lithuania Mexico Montenegro New Zealand North Macedonia Moldova Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Romania Russia Serbia Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey Ukraine (Crimea) United Kingdom (Scotland) United States (Hungarian-Slovak) Uruguay Venezuela
WikiProject
v t e