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Politics of ancient Rome
Periods
Roman Kingdom 753–509 BC
Roman Republic 509–27 BC
Roman Empire 27 BC – AD 395
Principate 27 BC – AD 284
Dominate AD 284–641
Western AD 395–476
Eastern AD 395–1453
Timeline
Constitution
Kingdom
Republic
Sullan republic
Empire
Augustan reforms
Late Empire
Political institutions
Imperium
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Auctoritas
Roman citizenship
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Assemblies
Centuriate
Curiate
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Ordinary magistrates
Consul
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Quaestor
Promagistrate
Aedile
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Extraordinary magistrates
Corrector
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Rex
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Mos maiorum
Ius
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Quaestio perpetua
Senatus consultum ultimum
Titles and honours
Emperor
Legatus
Dux
Officium
Praeses
Praefectus
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Vigintisexviri
Triumvir monetalis
Lictor
Magister militum
Imperator
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Pontifex maximus
Augustus
Caesar
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Other countries
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Roman law is the legal system of ancient Rome, including the legal developments spanning over a thousand years of jurisprudence, from the Twelve Tables (c. 449 BC), to the Corpus Juris Civilis (AD 529) ordered by Eastern Roman emperor Justinian I. Roman law forms the basic framework for civil law, the most widely used legal system today, and the terms are sometimes used synonymously. The historical importance of Roman law is reflected by the continued use of Latin legal terminology in many legal systems influenced by it, including common law.
After the dissolution of the Western Roman Empire, the Roman law remained in effect in the Eastern Roman Empire. From the 7th century onward, the legal language in the East was Greek.
Roman law also denoted the legal system applied in most of Western Europe until the end of the 18th century. In Germany, Roman law practice remained in place longer under the Holy Roman Empire (963–1806). Roman law thus served as a basis for legal practice throughout Western continental Europe, as well as in most former colonies of these European nations, including Latin America, and also in Ethiopia. English and Anglo-American common law were influenced also by Roman law, notably in their Latinate legal glossary (for example, stare decisis, culpa in contrahendo, pacta sunt servanda).[1] Eastern Europe was also influenced by the jurisprudence of the Corpus Juris Civilis, especially in countries such as medieval Romania (Wallachia, Moldavia, and some other medieval provinces/historical regions) which created a new system, a mixture of Roman and local law. Also, Eastern European law was influenced by the "Farmer's Law" of the medieval Byzantine legal system.
Romanlaw is the legal system of ancient Rome, including the legal developments spanning over a thousand years of jurisprudence, from the Twelve Tables...
Medieval Romanlaw is the continuation and development of ancient Romanlaw that developed in the European Late Middle Ages. Based on the ancient text...
This is a partial list of Romanlaws. A Romanlaw (Latin: lex) is usually named for the sponsoring legislator and designated by the adjectival form of...
themselves considered property under Romanlaw and had no rights of legal personhood. Unlike Roman citizens, by law they could be subjected to corporal...
Many modern legal systems, such as the Napoleonic Code, descend from Romanlaw. Rome's republican institutions have influenced the Italian city-state...
their own laws. Civil law codifications based closely on Romanlaw, alongside some influences from religious laws such as canon law, continued to spread...
Private Law, 21 Stein, RomanLaw in European History, 32 Stein, RomanLaw in European History, 35 Stein, RomanLaw in European History, 43 Roman and Secular...
The Holy Roman Empire, also known as the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation after 1512, was a polity in Central and Western Europe, usually headed...
jurisdictions largely derives from Romanlaw, common law jurisdictions derive their tort law from customary English tort law. In civil law jurisdictions based on...
In law, common law (also known as judicial precedent, judge-made law, or case law) is the body of law created by judges and similar quasi-judicial tribunals...
theology, canon law and Ius Civile, or civil law. Canon law, or ecclesiastical law are laws created by the Pope, head of the Roman Catholic Church. The...
Western law comprises the legal traditions of Western culture, with roots in Romanlaw and canon law. As Western culture shares a Graeco-Roman Classical...
various times within the Roman state: The cives Romani were full Roman citizens, who enjoyed full legal protection under Romanlaw. Cives Romani were sub-divided...
contracts, and Roman-Dutch law is largely based on the writings of renaissance-era Dutch jurists and case law applying general principles of Romanlaw prior to...
legal system in the West, much later than Romanlaw but predating the evolution of modern European civil law traditions. What began with rules ("canons")...
Marriage in ancient Rome was a strictly monogamous institution: under Romanlaw, a Roman citizen, whether male or female, could have only one spouse at a time...
Truculentus at line 214. Obligations did not originally form part of RomanLaw, which mostly concerned issues of succession, property, and family relationships...
judicial review. The distinction between public law and private law dates back to Romanlaw, where the Roman jurist Ulpian (c. 170 – 228) first noted it....
The concept of natural law was documented in ancient Greek philosophy, including Aristotle, and was referred to in ancient Roman philosophy by Cicero....
Byzantine law was essentially a continuation of Romanlaw with increased Orthodox Christian and Hellenistic influence. Most sources define Byzantine law as the...
science that studies law at the level of legal systems is called comparative law. Both civil (also known as Roman) and common law systems can be considered...
African contract law is "essentially a modernized version of the Roman-Dutch law of contract", and is rooted in canon and Romanlaws. In the broadest...
century BC, the Roman Kingdom (753–509 BC), Roman Republic (509–27 BC), Roman Empire (27 BC– 395 AD), and the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the...
In Romanlaw, contracts could be divided between those in re, those that were consensual, and those that were innominate contracts in Romanlaw (Contratti...
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