The Rising Sun Flag (旭日旗, Kyokujitsu-ki) is a Japanese flag that consists of a red disc and sixteen red rays emanating from the disc.[1] Like the Japanese national flag, the Rising Sun Flag symbolizes the Sun.
The flag was originally used by feudal warlords in Japan during the Edo period (1603–1868 CE).[2] On May 15, 1870, as a policy of the Meiji government, it was adopted as the war flag of the Imperial Japanese Army, and on October 7, 1889, it was adopted as the naval ensign of the Imperial Japanese Navy.[3][better source needed]
At present, the flag is flown by the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force, and an eight-ray version is flown by the Japan Self-Defense Forces and the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force.[2] The rising sun design is also seen in numerous scenes in daily life in Japan, such as in fishermen's banners hoisted to signify large catches of fish, flags to celebrate childbirth, and in flags for seasonal festivities.[4]
The flag is controversial in Korea, China, Russia, Taiwan and with Allied WWII veterans, where it is associated with Japanese war crimes, the Axis of World War II, and Japanese militarism and imperialism.[5][6][7]
^"Japan to skip South Korea fleet event over 'rising sun' flag". AP NEWS. October 5, 2018. Retrieved April 13, 2021.
^ ab"Japanese Symbols". Japan Visitor/Japan Tourist Info. Retrieved October 9, 2014.
^"船舶旗について" (PDF). Kobe University Repository:Kernel. Retrieved October 18, 2014.
^"The Rising Sun Flag As Part Of Japanese Culture" (PDF). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan. November 8, 2019. Retrieved September 10, 2020.
^"South Korea compares Japan's 'rising sun' flag to swastika as Olympic row deepens". the Guardian. October 29, 2019. Retrieved January 20, 2021.
^"Tokyo 2020: Why some people want the rising sun flag banned". BBC News. January 3, 2020. Retrieved January 9, 2022.
^Kim, Hyung-Jin; Yamaguchi, Mari (July 23, 2021). "Why Japan's 'rising sun' flag is provoking anger among some at the Olympics". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved January 9, 2022.
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