Phylogenetic network depicting reticulate evolution: Lineage B results from a horizontal transfer between its two ancestors A and C (blue, dotted lines).
Reticulate evolution, or network evolution is the origination of a lineage through the partial merging of two ancestor lineages, leading to relationships better described by a phylogenetic network than a bifurcating tree.[1] Reticulate patterns can be found in the phylogenetic reconstructions of biodiversity lineages obtained by comparing the characteristics of organisms.[2] Reticulation processes can potentially be convergent and divergent at the same time.[3] Reticulate evolution indicates the lack of independence between two evolutionary lineages.[1] Reticulation affects survival, fitness and speciation rates of species.[2]
Reticulate evolution can happen between lineages separated only for a short time, for example through hybrid speciation in a species complex. Nevertheless, it also takes place over larger evolutionary distances, as exemplified by the presence of organelles of bacterial origin in eukaryotic cells.[2]
Reticulation occurs at various levels:[4] at a chromosomal level, meiotic recombination causes evolution to be reticulate; at a species level, reticulation arises through hybrid speciation and horizontal gene transfer; and at a population level, sexual recombination causes reticulation.[1]
The adjective reticulate stems from the Latin words reticulatus, "having a net-like pattern" from reticulum, "little net."[5]
^ abcLinder, C. Randal; Moret, Bernard M.E.; Nakhleh, Luay; Warnow, Tandy (5 November 2003). "Network (Reticulate) Evolution: Biology, Models, and Algorithms" (PDF). {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
^ abcCite error: The named reference :6 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Hale, W. G. (1995). Dictionary of Biology. HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-00-470805-8.[page needed]
^Perez, Julio E; Alfonsi, Carmen; Munoz, Carlos. (2010). "Towards a New Evolutionary Theory". Interciencia 35: 862-868.
^"reticulate". Online Etymology Dictionary.
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Reticulateevolution, or network evolution is the origination of a lineage through the partial merging of two ancestor lineages, leading to relationships...
are thought to have diverged from each other during the Jurassic. Reticulateevolution refers to the origination of a taxon through the merging of ancestor...
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to the section Paeonia, which is characterised by a complicated reticulateevolution. Only about half of the (sub)species is diploid, the other half tetraploid...
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Wen; Avi Golan-Goldhirsh; Dan E. Parfitt (2008). "Phylogenetics and reticulateevolution in Pistacia (Anacardiaceae)". American Journal of Botany. 95 (2):...
chloroplast genomes. The genera are classified in 25 subtribes. Reticulateevolution occurred repeatedly in the tribe. Torreyochloinae Amphibromus Torreyochloa...
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Golan-Goldhirsh, Avi; Parfitt, Dan E. (2008). "Phylogenetics and reticulateevolution in Pistacia (Anacardiaceae)" (PDF). American Journal of Botany. 95...
Paeonia. The taxonomy of this group of peonies is complicated due to reticulateevolution. In the most recent revision of the genus, it is assigned to the...
R.; Risenberg, L.H. (22 June 2004). "Reconstructing patterns of reticulateevolution in plants". American Journal of Botany. 91 (10): 1700–1708. doi:10...
JSTOR 1222833. Wittzell, Hakan (1999). "Chloroplast DNA variation and reticulateevolution in sexual and apomictic sections of dandelions". Molecular Ecology...
Emily B; Zimmer, Elizabeth A; Givnish, Thomas J (2012). "Unraveling reticulateevolution in North American Dryopteris (Dryopteridaceae)". BMC Evolutionary...
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living in the present day, as opposed to paleontology. network evolution See reticulateevolution. neutral mutation 1. Any mutation of a nucleic acid sequence...
plastid and nuclear DNA. The most likely cause of this incongruence is reticulateevolution resulting from rampant hybridization. The delimitation of genera...
Haufler, Christopher H.; Windham, Michael D.; Rabe, Eric W. (1995). "ReticulateEvolution in the Polypodium vulgare Complex". Systematic Botany. 20 (2): 89–109...
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PMID 28565465. S2CID 12144534. Turgeon J, Bernatchez L (January 2003). "Reticulateevolution and phenotypic diversity in North American ciscoes, Coregonus ssp...
addition, polyploidy is frequently associated with hybridization and reticulateevolution that appear to be highly prevalent in several fungal taxa. Indeed...
among Metasequoia, Sequoia, and Sequoiadendron could be a sign of reticulateevolution (in which two species hybridize and give rise to a third) among the...
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Ger; Young, Jeremy R.; von Dassow, Peter (2016-05-24). "Recent ReticulateEvolution in the Ecologically Dominant Lineage of Coccolithophores". Frontiers...
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