Republic of Kuwait's Prime Minister Alaa Hussein Ali with Iraqi President Saddam Hussein in 1990.
Part of a series on the
History of Kuwait
Prehistoric and ancient
Mesopotamia
Bahra 1
H3 (Kuwait)
Subiya
Ubaid period
Failaka Island
Dilmun
Ikaros
Agarum
Kazma
Umm an Namil
Akkaz
Teredon
5th–18th century
Maishan
5th–13th century
Battle of Chains
629 / 633
Kazma
636
Portuguese control
1500s
Bani Utub invasion of Bahrain
1782–1783
Battle of Riqqa
1783
Ibn Ufaisan's Invasion
1793
18th century to 1961
Sheikhdom of Kuwait
1752–1961
Battle of Khakeekera
1811
Sheikh Humoud's Revolt
1828
Siege of Basra
1831
Siege of Al-Zubair
1833
Invasion of Muhammara
1837
Al-Hasa Expedition
1870–1871
Kuwaiti–Rashidi war
1900–1901
Battle of Jo-Laban
1903
Battle of Hadia
1910
Anglo-Ottoman Convention
1913
Mesopotamian Campaign
1914–1918
Kuwait–Najd War
1919–1920
Battle of Jahra
1920
Ikhwan Revolt
1927–1930
Kuwait since 1961
State of Kuwait
1961–1990 1991–present
Operation Vantage
1961
Abdul Karim Qasim's crisis
1961–1963
Six-Day War
1967
Samita border skirmish
1973
October War
1973
Terrorism attack on the Japanese Embassy in Kuwait
1974
Kuwait bombings
1983
Aircraft hijackings
1984–1988
Attempted assassination of Emir Jaber
1985
Invasion of Kuwait
1990
Republic of Kuwait
1990–1991
Gulf War
1990–1991
Kuwaiti oil fires
1991
Palestinian exodus from Kuwait
1990–1991
2015 Kuwait mosque bombing
2015
See also
List of museums in Kuwait
History of Bahrain
Al Zubara
Kuwait portal
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The Republic of Kuwait was a short-lived and self-styled republic formed in the aftermath of the invasion of Kuwait by Ba'athist Iraq during the early stages of the Gulf War. During the invasion, the Iraqi Revolutionary Command Council stated that it had sent troops into the State of Kuwait to assist an internal coup d'état initiated by "Kuwaiti revolutionaries."[1] A Provisional Government of Free Kuwait was set up on 4 August 1990 by the Iraqi authorities under the leadership of nine allegedly-Kuwaiti military officers (four colonels and five majors) led by Alaa Hussein Ali, who was given the posts of prime minister (Rais al-Wuzara), commander-in-chief, minister of defense and minister of the interior.[2]
The new regime deposed the Emir Jaber Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah (who fled Kuwait and established a government in exile based in Saudi Arabia[3]) and accused the emiri family of pursuing anti-popular, anti-democratic, pro-imperialist, and Zionist policies along with the "embezzlement of national resources for the purpose of personal enrichment".[4] An indigenous Popular Army to allegedly take over from Iraqi troops was immediately proclaimed, claiming 100,000 volunteers.[5]
Citizenship rights were conferred to non-Kuwaiti Arabs who had come for work from abroad under the monarch[6] The newspaper of the regime was known as Al-Nida,[7] named after the "Day of the Call" that was proclaimed on 2 August 1990 to "commemorate" the Iraqi "response" to the alleged calls of the Kuwaitis for Iraq's assistance in overthrowing the monarchy.[8]
^Clive H. Schofield & Richard N. Schofield (Ed.). The Middle East and North Africa. New York: Routledge. 1994. p. 147.
^Newsweek Vol. 116. 1990. p. 20.
^Michael S. Casey. The History of Kuwait. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. 2007. p. 93.
^Daily Report: Soviet Union. Issues 147-153. 1990. p. 124.
^Jerry Mark Long. Saddam's War of Words: Politics, Religion, and the Iraqi Invasion of Kuwait. Austin, TX: University of Texas Press. 2004. p. 27.
^Dilip Hiro. Desert Shield to Desert Storm: The Second Gulf War. Lincoln, NE: iUniverse, Inc. 2003. p. 105.
^Human Rights Watch World Report 1992: Events of 1991. New York: Human Rights Watch. 1991. p. 652.
^Itamar Rabinovich and Haim Shaked (Ed.). Middle East Contemporary Survey Vol. 14. Oxford: Westview Press. 1990. p. 403.
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