c. 35.3 million (29.4 million under the mandate of United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) and 5.9 million under UNRWA's mandate
Regions with significant populations
Sub-Saharan Africa
7.0 million
Europe and North Asia
12.4 million
Asia and the Pacific
6.8 million
Middle East and North Africa
2.4 million
Americas
800,000
Legal status of persons
Birthright
Birthplace
Aboard aircraft and ships
Jus sanguinis
Jus soli
Birth tourism
Nationality
Citizenship
missing
multiple
transnational
Naturalization
Ius Doni
Oath
Test
Law
Lost citizenship
denaturalized
renounced
Immigration
Alien
Enemy
Criminalization of migration
Diplomatic protection
Illegal
Law
Permanent residency
Refugee
Right to homeland
Voluntary return
Identity cleansing
Right of return
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A refugee, conventionally speaking, is a person who has lost the protection of their country of origin and who cannot or is unwilling to return there due to well-founded fear of persecution.[2] Such a person may be called an asylum seeker until granted refugee status by the contracting state or the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)[3] if they formally make a claim for asylum.[4]
^"UNHCR data | Global Trends". Archived from the original on 19 June 2023. Retrieved 19 June 2023.
^Reyhani, Adel-Naim (6 September 2022). "Refugees". Elgar Encyclopedia of Human Rights. Edward Elgar Publishing. pp. 121–128. doi:10.4337/9781789903621.refugees. ISBN 978-1-78990-362-1.
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