Ravenglass Roman Bath House (also known as Walls Castle) is a ruined ancient Roman bath house at Ravenglass, Cumbria, England.
Belonging to a 2nd-century Roman fort and naval base (known to the Romans as Itunocelum[1]), the bath house is described by Matthew Hyde in his update to the Pevsner Guide to Cumbria as "an astonishing survival".[2] The still standing walls are 13 ft (4 m) high, there are patches of the internal rendering, in dull red and white cement, and traces of the splayed window openings remain.
Plan of visible remains
The remaining fragment appears to be the west end of a building which was about 40 ft/12 metres wide and about 90 ft/27 metres long (see plan). It consisted of a suite of rooms arranged in a double sequence along the building. The entrance and changing area (apodyterium) contains niches, perhaps originally for statues. The use of the other rooms is not known, but there would have been a range of warm rooms, a hot bath and a cold plunge. The north and south walls have external buttresses which were probably intended to take the weight of a vaulted roof.[3]
Excavations were carried out at the bath house in 1881. Remains of the hypocaust heating system were uncovered, but they have since been reburied.[4]
^Holder, Paul. (2004) "Chapter 2. Roman Place Names on the Cumbrian Coast" from Wilson, R. J. A. & Caruana, I. D. (eds), Romans on the Solway: Essays in honour of Richard Bellhouse pp.52-65, Kendal: CWAAS
^Hyde, M. and Pevsner, N. (2010) Cumbria. The Buildings of England, Yale University Press
^"Ruins of a Roman Bath and the Foundations of a Castle – Ravenglass and Muncaster". cambridgemilitaryhistory.com. 30 April 2015.
^"Ravenglass Roman Bath House: History and Research". Portico. English Heritage. Retrieved 27 February 2013.
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