Rani Chennabhairadevi, (also called Raina-Da-Pimenta lit.'The Queen of Pepper' by the Portuguese),[2] was the 16th-century Jain queen of Nagire province under the Vijayanagara Empire. She was officially known as Mahamandaleshwari Rani Chennabhairadevi. She is regarded as being the longest ruling queen in Indian history, from 1552 to 1606, a period of 54 years.[3] She is also known for her wars against the Portuguese in 1559 and 1570, which she won, which helped to start commercial relationships with the Portuguese.
She earned the title "The Queen of Pepper" from the Portuguese, as she exported a great amount of pepper and other spices to European and Arab regions through the ports of Bhatkal and Honnavar.[1]
^ ab"Chennabhairadevi the pepper queen of India who ruled for 54 years". The New Indian Express. 7 March 2016. Retrieved 17 October 2022.
^Chitra Ramaswamy (15 April 2014). "Where the Pepper queen ruled". Deccan Herald. Retrieved 17 March 2021.
^"Chennabhairadevi, The Pepper Queen of India Who Ruled for 54 Years". Times of India. 7 March 2016. Retrieved 17 March 2021.
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