Racism in Russia mainly appears in the form of negative attitudes towards non-ethnic Russian citizens, immigrants or tourists and negative actions against them by some Russians. Traditionally, Russian racism includes antisemitism and Tatarophobia, as well as hostility towards the various peoples of the Caucasus, Central Asia, East Asia and Africa.[1]
According to the United Nations, Russia's immigrant population is the world's third-largest, numbering over 11.6 million.[2] Due to the country's declining population, and the low birth rates and high death rates of ethnic Russians, the Russian government has tried to increase immigration to the country in the last decade;[3] which has led to millions of migrants flow into Russia from mainly post-Soviet states, many of whom are illegal and remain undocumented.[4][5][6]
Under serious police pressure, the number of racist acts started to decline in Russia from 2009.[7] In 2016, it was reported that Russia had seen an “impressive" decrease in hate crimes.[8]
^"Russian nationalism: Playing a dangerous game". The Economist. 11 May 2006. Retrieved 20 August 2011.
^Kirk, Ashley (21 January 2016). "Mapped: Which country has the most immigrants?". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 30 June 2021.
^Foltynova, Kristyna (19 June 2020). "Migrants Welcome: Is Russia Trying To Solve Its Demographic Crisis By Attracting Foreigners?". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. Retrieved 9 July 2021. Russia has been trying to boost fertility rates and reduce death rates for several years now. Special programs for families have been implemented, anti-tobacco campaigns have been organized, and raising the legal age to buy alcohol was considered. However, perhaps the most successful strategy so far has been attracting migrants, whose arrival helps Russia to compensate population losses.
^Krassinets, Eugene. "Illegal migration and employment in Russia" (PDF). International Labour Organization. United Nations. Retrieved 30 December 2021.
^Teslova, Elena (17 April 2021). "Russia demands 1M illegal migrants to leave country". Anadolu Agency. Retrieved 30 December 2021. More than 1 million illegal immigrants from CIS countries currently live in Russia...
^"Russia Tells Illegal Migrants from Post-Soviet Countries to Leave By June 15". The Moscow Times. 16 April 2021. Retrieved 30 December 2021. According to Interior Ministry data, more than 332,000 illegal migrants from Uzbekistan currently reside in Russia, along with 247,000 from Tajikistan, 152,000 from Ukraine, 120,000 from Azerbaijan, 115,000 from Kyrgyzstan, 61,000 from Armenia, 56,000 from Moldova and 49,000 from Kazakhstan.
^Kolsto, Pal (24 March 2016). New Russian Nationalism: Imperialism, Ethnicity and Authoritarianism 2000--2015. Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 9781474410434.
^"Hate Crimes Said Down In Russia As Kremlin Cracks Down On Nationalist Critics". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. 19 February 2016.
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