Quercus fusiformis (also often referred to as Q. virginiana var. fusiformis), commonly known as escarpment live oak, plateau live oak, plateau oak, or Texas live oak, is an evergreen or nearly evergreen tree.[2] Its native range includes the Quartz Mountains and Wichita Mountains in southwestern Oklahoma,[3] through Texas, to the Mexican states of Coahuila, Tamaulipas, and Nuevo León.[4][5]
Quercus fusiformis is an evergreen tree in the southern live oaks section of the genus Quercus (section Virentes).[6] It is distinguished from Quercus virginiana (southern live oak) most easily by the acorns, which are slightly larger and with a more pointed apex. It is also a smaller tree, not exceeding 1 metre (40 inches) in trunk diameter – compared to 2.5 m (75 in) in diameter in southern live oak – with more erect branching and a less wide crown.[5] Like Q. virginiana, its magnificent, stately form and unparalleled longevity has endeared it to generations of residents throughout its native range. Its low hanging branches are a favorite for local children to climb and play in.
Escarpment live oak is typically found on dry sites, unlike southern live oak, which prefers moister conditions. The tree, especially the Quartz Mountains variety, is generally accepted to be the hardiest evergreen oak, able to withstand very cold winters with minimal leaf burn in areas as cold as USDA zone 6a. For this reason the tree has become popular within the landscape industry for its beauty, ability to endure urban conditions, and general hardiness. It is prevalently used for these purposes in Texas and southern Oklahoma but use is becoming more widespread in the WesternUS.
The largest recorded individual tree of Q. fusiformis in the state of Texas is found in Bosque County[7][8] (not to be confused with the "Election Oak" or Bosque County Oak). It has a circumference of 870 centimetres (342 in), which is actually larger than the largest recorded Q. virginiana in the state, listed at 860 cm (338 in).
^"Quercus fusiformis Small". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew – via The Plant List. Note that this website has been superseded by World Flora Online
^"Quercus fusiformis". County-level distribution map from the North American Plant Atlas (NAPA). Biota of North America Program (BONAP). 2014.
^ abNixon, Kevin C. (1997). "Quercus fusiformis". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). Vol. 3. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
^Denk, Thomas; Grimm, Guido W.; Manos, Paul S.; Deng, Min & Hipp, Andrew L. (2017). "Appendix 2.1: An updated infrageneric classification of the oaks" (xls). figshare. Retrieved 2023-02-18.
^"Texas Big Tree Registry". texasforestinfo.tamu.edu. Retrieved 2021-04-26.
^"Texas live Oak (Quercus fusiformis)". American Forests. 2016-09-17. Retrieved 2021-04-26.
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Quercusfusiformis (also often referred to as Q. virginiana var. fusiformis), commonly known as escarpment live oak, plateau live oak, plateau oak, or...
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sections. Traditionally, the genus Quercus was divided into the two subgenera Cyclobalanopsis, the ring-cupped oaks, and Quercus, which included all the other...
Service: the escarpment live oak, Quercusfusiformis (Q. virginiana var. fusiformis) and the sand live oak, Quercus geminata (Q. virginiana var. geminata)...
kinseyi is a species of gall wasp that forms galls on Quercus virginiana and Quercusfusiformis. There are both asexual and sexual generations. The asexual...
species of gall-forming wasp found on the roots of Quercusfusiformis,Quercus virginiana and Quercus geminata. It was named in honor of Mary Treat, who...
for the most northerly natural population of the Texas live oak, quercusfusiformis. This rare oak is generally regarded as the most cold hardy evergreen...
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Jacksonville. Treaty Oak Plateau live oak (Quercusfusiformis) Austin TX US A 500-year old plateau live oak (Quercusfusiformis) in Austin, Texas. It is the last...
is one recognised variety, Quercus pungens var. vaseyana, the Vasey shin oak. Sandpaper oak hybridizes with gray oak (Quercus grisea) in the Guadalupe Mountains...
species of gall wasp that forms galls on Quercus virginiana, Quercus geminata, Quercusfusiformis, and Quercus oleoides. There are both asexual and sexual...
the United States. In Texas, it is known to feed on Texas live oak (Quercusfusiformis). Brachypnoea lecontei was first described with the name "Colaspis...
and northward, pecan (Carya illinoinensis) and plateau live oak (Quercusfusiformis) may be common. Diversity increases southward and the Rio Grande Delta...
live oak (Quercusfusiformis) and Ashe juniper (Juniperus ashei), commonly called "mountain cedar", live oak savannah, Texas red oak (Quercus buckleyi)...
woodlands featuring Ashe Juniper (Juniperus ashei), Texas Live Oak (Quercusfusiformis), and Honey Mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa). The lower Rio Grande Valley...
the ground. Hosts of the Texas buck moth include Texas live oak (Quercusfusiformis), Havard's oak (Q. havardii), Shumard's oak (Q. shumardii), and Nuttall...
augmented that number to over 3000. It occurs in the Juniperus ashei-Quercusfusiformis plant association on calcareous soils. USFWS: Determination that Ancistrocactus...
fungal disease caused by the organism Bretziella fagacearum that threatens Quercus spp. The disease is limited to the eastern half of the United States; first...
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