Stenosis of the right pulmonary artery in a patient which was due to a case of congenital rubella.
Specialty
Medical genetics
Pulmonary artery stenosis (PAS) is a narrowing of the pulmonary artery. The pulmonary artery is a blood vessel moving blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs. This narrowing can be due to many causes, including infection during pregnancy, a congenital heart defect, a problem with blood clotting in childhood or early adulthood, or a genetic change.[1]
The narrowing can occur at many points along the pulmonary artery. The specific location indicates severity and affects treatment options. Most people with high-risk PAS are neonates, newborns, and young children. The more severe the disease the more likely it is to present with symptoms. With high-risk patients, it is necessary and acceptable to actively treat, to avoid worsening blood pressure, poor heart function, and worsening vessel disease across the body.[2]
Blood flows in a methodical way through the body. Blood that has already delivered oxygen returns to the heart. It arrives at the right upper chamber, gets pumped though the tricuspid valve and into the lower right chamber. It travels through the pulmonary valve to the pulmonary artery and toward the lungs. Oxygenated blood returns to the left side of the heart before it is pumped throughout the body.[3] When the pulmonary artery narrows, it increases blood pressure on the right side of the heart and causes the heart to work harder.[1]
PAS is not the same as pulmonary valve stenosis. The pulmonary valve is the opening between the right heart and the pulmonary artery. Valve narrowing has similar effects. However, treatment is different. The long term consequences of each condition also vary and present with other comorbidities.[4]
^ ab"Pulmonary Artery Stenosis". ucsfbenioffchildrens.org. University of California San Francisco. Retrieved 2023-11-02.
^Patel, Anuj B.; Ratnayaka, Kanishka; Bergersen, Lisa (2019). "A review: Percutaneous pulmonary artery stenosis therapy: State-of-the-art and look to the future". Cardiology in the Young. 29 (2): 93–99. doi:10.1017/S1047951118001087. PMID 30587259. S2CID 58650748.
^"Pulmonary Artery Stenosis | Interventional Cardiology Program | UPMC Children's". Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh. Retrieved 2023-11-02.
^Kim, Chan W.; Aronow, Wilbert S.; Dutta, Tanya; Spevack, Daniel M.; Frishman, William H. (2021). "Treatment of Peripheral Pulmonary Artery Stenosis". Cardiology in Review. 29 (3): 115–119. doi:10.1097/crd.0000000000000300. PMID 32053544. S2CID 211113778.
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